ruken

See also: rüken

Middle Dutch

Etymology

From Old Dutch *rūcan, from Proto-West Germanic *reukan, from Proto-Germanic *reukaną.

Verb

ruken

  1. to smell, to perceive a smell
  2. to smell, to emit a smell

Inflection
Strong class 2
Infinitive ruken
3rd sg. past rôoc
3rd pl. past rōken
Past participle gerōken
Infinitive ruken
In genitive rukens
In dative rukene
Indicative Present Past
1st singular ruke rôoc
2nd singular ruucs, rukes rōocs, rōkes
3rd singular ruuct, ruket rôoc
1st plural ruken rōken
2nd plural ruuct, ruket rōoct, rōket
3rd plural ruken rōken
Subjunctive Present Past
1st singular ruke rōke
2nd singular ruucs, rukes rōkes
3rd singular ruke rōke
1st plural ruken rōken
2nd plural ruuct, ruket rōket
3rd plural ruken rōken
Imperative Present
Singular ruuc, ruke
Plural ruuct, ruket
Present Past
Participle rukende gerōken

Alternative forms

Descendants
  • Dutch: ruiken, rieken
  • Limburgish: ruke

Further reading
  • “ruken (II)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
  • Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “ruken”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN
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