rangaista
Finnish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈrɑŋːɑi̯stɑˣ/, [ˈrɑ̝ŋːɑ̝i̯s̠tɑ̝(ʔ)]
- Rhymes: -ɑŋːɑistɑ
- Syllabification(key): ran‧gais‧ta
Verb
rangaista
Usage notes
The consonant gradation for this verb leads to some confusion (even for some native speakers), which has resulted in a nonstandard variant rankaista that does not have gradation.
Conjugation
| Inflection of rangaista (Kotus type 66*G/rohkaista, nk-ng gradation) | |||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present tense | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | rankaisen | en rankaise | 1st sing. | olen rangaissut | en ole rangaissut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | rankaiset | et rankaise | 2nd sing. | olet rangaissut | et ole rangaissut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | rankaisee | ei rankaise | 3rd sing. | on rangaissut | ei ole rangaissut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | rankaisemme | emme rankaise | 1st plur. | olemme rangaisseet | emme ole rangaisseet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | rankaisette | ette rankaise | 2nd plur. | olette rangaisseet | ette ole rangaisseet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | rankaisevat | eivät rankaise | 3rd plur. | ovat rangaisseet | eivät ole rangaisseet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | rangaistaan | ei rangaista | passive | on rangaistu | ei ole rangaistu | ||||||||||||||||
| past tense | pluperfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | rankaisin | en rangaissut | 1st sing. | olin rangaissut | en ollut rangaissut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | rankaisit | et rangaissut | 2nd sing. | olit rangaissut | et ollut rangaissut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | rankaisi | ei rangaissut | 3rd sing. | oli rangaissut | ei ollut rangaissut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | rankaisimme | emme rangaisseet | 1st plur. | olimme rangaisseet | emme olleet rangaisseet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | rankaisitte | ette rangaisseet | 2nd plur. | olitte rangaisseet | ette olleet rangaisseet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | rankaisivat | eivät rangaisseet | 3rd plur. | olivat rangaisseet | eivät olleet rangaisseet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | rangaistiin | ei rangaistu | passive | oli rangaistu | ei ollut rangaistu | ||||||||||||||||
| conditional mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | rankaisisin | en rankaisisi | 1st sing. | olisin rangaissut | en olisi rangaissut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | rankaisisit | et rankaisisi | 2nd sing. | olisit rangaissut | et olisi rangaissut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | rankaisisi | ei rankaisisi | 3rd sing. | olisi rangaissut | ei olisi rangaissut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | rankaisisimme | emme rankaisisi | 1st plur. | olisimme rangaisseet | emme olisi rangaisseet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | rankaisisitte | ette rankaisisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte rangaisseet | ette olisi rangaisseet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | rankaisisivat | eivät rankaisisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat rangaisseet | eivät olisi rangaisseet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | rangaistaisiin | ei rangaistaisi | passive | olisi rangaistu | ei olisi rangaistu | ||||||||||||||||
| imperative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | rankaise | älä rankaise | 2nd sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | rangaiskoon | älköön rangaisko | 3rd sing. | olkoon rangaissut | älköön olko rangaissut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | rangaiskaamme | älkäämme rangaisko | 1st plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | rangaiskaa | älkää rangaisko | 2nd plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | rangaiskoot | älkööt rangaisko | 3rd plur. | olkoot rangaisseet | älkööt olko rangaisseet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | rangaistakoon | älköön rangaistako | passive | olkoon rangaistu | älköön olko rangaistu | ||||||||||||||||
| potential mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | rangaissen | en rangaisse | 1st sing. | lienen rangaissut | en liene rangaissut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | rangaisset | et rangaisse | 2nd sing. | lienet rangaissut | et liene rangaissut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | rangaissee | ei rangaisse | 3rd sing. | lienee rangaissut | ei liene rangaissut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | rangaissemme | emme rangaisse | 1st plur. | lienemme rangaisseet | emme liene rangaisseet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | rangaissette | ette rangaisse | 2nd plur. | lienette rangaisseet | ette liene rangaisseet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | rangaissevat | eivät rangaisse | 3rd plur. | lienevät rangaisseet | eivät liene rangaisseet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | rangaistaneen | ei rangaistane | passive | lienee rangaistu | ei liene rangaistu | ||||||||||||||||
| Nominal forms | |||||||||||||||||||||
| infinitives | participles | ||||||||||||||||||||
| active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||||||||||
| 1st | rangaista | present | rankaiseva | rangaistava | |||||||||||||||||
| long 1st1 |
|
past | rangaissut | rangaistu | |||||||||||||||||
| 2nd | inessive2 | rangaistessa | rangaistaessa | agent3 | rankaisema | ||||||||||||||||
|
negative | rankaisematon | |||||||||||||||||||
| instructive | rangaisten | — | 1) Used only with a possessive suffix. 2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). | ||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd | inessive | rankaisemassa | — | ||||||||||||||||||
| elative | rankaisemasta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| illative | rankaisemaan | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| adessive | rankaisemalla | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| abessive | rankaisematta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| instructive | rankaiseman | rangaistaman | |||||||||||||||||||
| 4th4 | verbal noun | rankaiseminen | |||||||||||||||||||
| 5th1 |
| ||||||||||||||||||||
Further reading
- “rangaista”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03
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