psg

See also: PSG

Egyptian

3-lit.

(intransitive or transitive) to spit on (someone or something) (+ m: to spit on with (spittle, fire, etc.))
1. (intransitive (with r, ḥr, or n) or transitive) to spit on (something sick) in order to heal it [since the Pyramid Texts]
2. (transitive) to spit on (a person) out of contempt [Middle Kingdom literature]
3. (transitive) to spit on (something) in order to harm it [New Kingdom to Late Period]
4. (intransitive, with r or ḥr) to spit on (Apophis or a representation of Apophis)
(transitive) to spit out (+ m ḫt: to contemptuously spit out behind (something))

Conjugation of psg (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: psg, geminated stem: psgg

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive¹	singular	plural
psg	psgw, psg	psgt	psg	psg

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective²		periphrastic prospective²
psg	ḥr psg	m psg	r psg

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms		participles
aspect / mood	active	passive	active	passive
perfect	psg.n	active + .tj¹, .tw²	—	—
perfective	psg	active + .tj¹, .tw²	psg	psg, psgw⁵, psgy⁵
imperfective	psg, psgy, psgw⁵	active + .tj¹, .tw²	psg, psgj⁶, psgy⁶	psg, psgw⁵
prospective	psg, psgtj⁷	—	psgtj⁴, psgt⁴
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine.

Since the 18th Dynasty, this word is found metathesized as pgs.

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of psg

psg

psgꜣ

psg

pgs

pgꜣs

[Pyramid Texts]

[Middle Kingdom]

[New Kingdom]

in hieratic

Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1926) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎, volume 1, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 555.4–555.14
Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 95

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