oikea
Finnish
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *oikëda, from Proto-Finno-Permic *wojketa (“straight”). Cognate with Estonian õige and Erzya виде (viďe), вить (viť).[1]
Semantic development
- The original sense was "straight".
- "straight" → "right, correct": has parallels in other languages, e.g. Latin rēctus and English right from "straight" to "right, correct"
- "right, correct" → "right (opposite of left)": most people are right-handed, so the right hand is the better hand for most people; compare Estonian parem (“right (opposite of left)”), cognate with Finnish parempi (“better”)); English right, likewise, has developed the same sense in the same fashion.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈoi̯keɑ/, [ˈo̞i̯k̟e̞ɑ̝]
- Rhymes: -oikeɑ
- Syllabification(key): oi‧ke‧a
Adjective
oikea (comparative oikeampi, superlative oikein)
- right (opposite of left)
- Antonym: vasen
- Käytä oikeaa kättäsi.
- Use your right hand.
- right, correct (morally good, acceptable; free from error, true; opposite of wrong)
- Antonym: väärä
- Se oli oikea vastaus.
- It was a correct answer.
- Annen vastaus on oikeampi kuin minun.
- Anne's answer is more correct than mine.
- appropriate, proper, fitting
- Synonyms: sopiva, asianmukainen
- real, true
- Synonyms: todellinen, aito
- Ovatko nämä oikeita mustikoita?
- Are these real bilberries?
- Pinokkiosta tuli oikea poika.
- Pinocchio became a real boy.
- Samu Sirkka on oikea ystävä.
- Jiminy Cricket is a true friend.
- just, fair (more often as the adverb oikein)
- Synonyms: oikein (adverb, more common), oikeudenmukainen
- (archaic or dialectal) right, straight, not bent or crooked
- Synonym: suora
Usage notes
- The superlatives oikein and väärin are rarely appropriate, because right and wrong are often understood as absolutes, and because of the homonymy with much more frequently used adverbs. People tend to circumvent them by saying eniten väärä, lähinnä oikeaa and eniten oikea, choosing another adjective if available (e.g. kiero, oikeanpuoleinen, oikeellinen) or using kaikista as a determiner.
Declension
| Inflection of oikea (Kotus type 15/korkea, no gradation) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | oikea | oikeat | |
| genitive | oikean | oikeiden oikeitten | |
| partitive | oikeaa oikeata |
oikeita | |
| illative | oikeaan | oikeisiin oikeihin | |
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | oikea | oikeat | |
| accusative | nom. | oikea | oikeat |
| gen. | oikean | ||
| genitive | oikean | oikeiden oikeitten oikeainrare | |
| partitive | oikeaa oikeata |
oikeita | |
| inessive | oikeassa | oikeissa | |
| elative | oikeasta | oikeista | |
| illative | oikeaan | oikeisiin oikeihin | |
| adessive | oikealla | oikeilla | |
| ablative | oikealta | oikeilta | |
| allative | oikealle | oikeille | |
| essive | oikeana | oikeina | |
| translative | oikeaksi | oikeiksi | |
| abessive | oikeatta | oikeitta | |
| instructive | — | oikein | |
| comitative | — | oikeine | |
| Possessive forms of oikea (Kotus type 15/korkea, no gradation) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Derived terms
adjectives
adverbs
nouns
prefixes
verbs
compounds
References
- Entry #1715 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
Further reading
- “oikea”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03
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