nuuhkia
Finnish
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *nuhkidak.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈnuːhkiɑˣ/, [ˈnuːxk̟iɑ̝(ʔ)]
- Rhymes: -uːhkiɑ
- Syllabification(key): nuuh‧ki‧a
Verb
nuuhkia
- (transitive, usually atelic) to sniff (make a short audible inhalation; over a prolonged period of time, as opposed to just once)
Conjugation
Inflection of nuuhkia (Kotus type 61/sallia, no gradation) | |||||||||||||||||||||
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indicative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present tense | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | nuuhkin | en nuuhki | 1st sing. | olen nuuhkinut | en ole nuuhkinut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | nuuhkit | et nuuhki | 2nd sing. | olet nuuhkinut | et ole nuuhkinut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | nuuhkii | ei nuuhki | 3rd sing. | on nuuhkinut | ei ole nuuhkinut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | nuuhkimme | emme nuuhki | 1st plur. | olemme nuuhkineet | emme ole nuuhkineet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | nuuhkitte | ette nuuhki | 2nd plur. | olette nuuhkineet | ette ole nuuhkineet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | nuuhkivat | eivät nuuhki | 3rd plur. | ovat nuuhkineet | eivät ole nuuhkineet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | nuuhkitaan | ei nuuhkita | passive | on nuuhkittu | ei ole nuuhkittu | ||||||||||||||||
past tense | pluperfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | nuuhkin | en nuuhkinut | 1st sing. | olin nuuhkinut | en ollut nuuhkinut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | nuuhkit | et nuuhkinut | 2nd sing. | olit nuuhkinut | et ollut nuuhkinut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | nuuhki | ei nuuhkinut | 3rd sing. | oli nuuhkinut | ei ollut nuuhkinut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | nuuhkimme | emme nuuhkineet | 1st plur. | olimme nuuhkineet | emme olleet nuuhkineet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | nuuhkitte | ette nuuhkineet | 2nd plur. | olitte nuuhkineet | ette olleet nuuhkineet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | nuuhkivat | eivät nuuhkineet | 3rd plur. | olivat nuuhkineet | eivät olleet nuuhkineet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | nuuhkittiin | ei nuuhkittu | passive | oli nuuhkittu | ei ollut nuuhkittu | ||||||||||||||||
conditional mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | nuuhkisin | en nuuhkisi | 1st sing. | olisin nuuhkinut | en olisi nuuhkinut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | nuuhkisit | et nuuhkisi | 2nd sing. | olisit nuuhkinut | et olisi nuuhkinut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | nuuhkisi | ei nuuhkisi | 3rd sing. | olisi nuuhkinut | ei olisi nuuhkinut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | nuuhkisimme | emme nuuhkisi | 1st plur. | olisimme nuuhkineet | emme olisi nuuhkineet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | nuuhkisitte | ette nuuhkisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte nuuhkineet | ette olisi nuuhkineet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | nuuhkisivat | eivät nuuhkisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat nuuhkineet | eivät olisi nuuhkineet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | nuuhkittaisiin | ei nuuhkittaisi | passive | olisi nuuhkittu | ei olisi nuuhkittu | ||||||||||||||||
imperative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | nuuhki | älä nuuhki | 2nd sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | nuuhkikoon | älköön nuuhkiko | 3rd sing. | olkoon nuuhkinut | älköön olko nuuhkinut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | nuuhkikaamme | älkäämme nuuhkiko | 1st plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | nuuhkikaa | älkää nuuhkiko | 2nd plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | nuuhkikoot | älkööt nuuhkiko | 3rd plur. | olkoot nuuhkineet | älkööt olko nuuhkineet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | nuuhkittakoon | älköön nuuhkittako | passive | olkoon nuuhkittu | älköön olko nuuhkittu | ||||||||||||||||
potential mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | nuuhkinen | en nuuhkine | 1st sing. | lienen nuuhkinut | en liene nuuhkinut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | nuuhkinet | et nuuhkine | 2nd sing. | lienet nuuhkinut | et liene nuuhkinut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | nuuhkinee | ei nuuhkine | 3rd sing. | lienee nuuhkinut | ei liene nuuhkinut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | nuuhkinemme | emme nuuhkine | 1st plur. | lienemme nuuhkineet | emme liene nuuhkineet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | nuuhkinette | ette nuuhkine | 2nd plur. | lienette nuuhkineet | ette liene nuuhkineet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | nuuhkinevat | eivät nuuhkine | 3rd plur. | lienevät nuuhkineet | eivät liene nuuhkineet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | nuuhkittaneen | ei nuuhkittane | passive | lienee nuuhkittu | ei liene nuuhkittu | ||||||||||||||||
Nominal forms | |||||||||||||||||||||
infinitives | participles | ||||||||||||||||||||
active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||||||||||
1st | nuuhkia | present | nuuhkiva | nuuhkittava | |||||||||||||||||
long 1st1 |
|
past | nuuhkinut | nuuhkittu | |||||||||||||||||
2nd | inessive2 | nuuhkiessa | nuuhkittaessa | agent3 | nuuhkima | ||||||||||||||||
|
negative | nuuhkimaton | |||||||||||||||||||
instructive | nuuhkien | — | 1) Used only with a possessive suffix. 2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). | ||||||||||||||||||
3rd | inessive | nuuhkimassa | — | ||||||||||||||||||
elative | nuuhkimasta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
illative | nuuhkimaan | — | |||||||||||||||||||
adessive | nuuhkimalla | — | |||||||||||||||||||
abessive | nuuhkimatta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
instructive | nuuhkiman | nuuhkittaman | |||||||||||||||||||
4th4 | verbal noun | nuuhkiminen | |||||||||||||||||||
5th1 |
|
Derived terms
Further reading
- “nuuhkia”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03
Ingrian
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *nuhkidak. Cognates include Finnish nuuhkia and Estonian nuhkida.
Pronunciation
- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈnuːhkiɑ/, [ˈnuːxke̞]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈnuːhkiɑ/, [ˈnuːxkiɑ]
- Rhymes: -uːhkeː, -uːhkiɑ
- Hyphenation: nuuh‧ki‧a
Conjugation
Conjugation of nuuhkia (type 7/oppia, k- gradation) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indikativa | |||||
Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | nuuhin | en nuuhi | 1st singular | oon nuuhkint, oon nuuhkinut | en oo nuuhkint, en oo nuuhkinut |
2nd singular | nuuhit | et nuuhi | 2nd singular | oot nuuhkint, oot nuuhkinut | et oo nuuhkint, et oo nuuhkinut |
3rd singular | nuuhkii | ei nuuhi | 3rd singular | ono nuuhkint, ono nuuhkinut | ei oo nuuhkint, ei oo nuuhkinut |
1st plural | nuuhimma | emmä nuuhi | 1st plural | oomma nuuhkineet | emmä oo nuuhkineet |
2nd plural | nuuhitta | että nuuhi | 2nd plural | ootta nuuhkineet | että oo nuuhkineet |
3rd plural | nuuhkiit1), nuuhkivat2), nuuhitaa | evät nuuhi, ei nuuhita | 3rd plural | ovat nuuhkineet | evät oo nuuhkineet, ei oo nuuhittu |
impersonal | nuuhitaa | ei nuuhita | impersonal | ono nuuhittu | ei oo nuuhittu |
Imperfekta | Pluskvamperfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | nuuhin | en nuuhkint, en nuuhkinut | 1st singular | olin nuuhkint, olin nuuhkinut | en olt nuuhkint, en olt nuuhkinut |
2nd singular | nuuhit | et nuuhkint, et nuuhkinut | 2nd singular | olit nuuhkint, olit nuuhkinut | et olt nuuhkint, et olt nuuhkinut |
3rd singular | nuuhki | ei nuuhkint, ei nuuhkinut | 3rd singular | oli nuuhkint, oli nuuhkinut | ei olt nuuhkint, ei olt nuuhkinut |
1st plural | nuuhimma | emmä nuuhkineet | 1st plural | olimma nuuhkineet | emmä olleet nuuhkineet |
2nd plural | nuuhitta | että nuuhkineet | 2nd plural | olitta nuuhkineet | että olleet nuuhkineet |
3rd plural | nuuhkiit1), nuuhkivat2), nuuhittii | evät nuuhkineet, ei nuuhittu | 3rd plural | olivat nuuhkineet | evät olleet nuuhkineet, ei olt nuuhittu |
impersonal | nuuhittii | ei nuuhittu | impersonal | oli nuuhittu | ei olt nuuhittu |
Konditsionala | |||||
Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | nuuhkisin | en nuuhkis | 1st singular | olisin nuuhkint, olisin nuuhkinut | en olis nuuhkint, en olis nuuhkinut |
2nd singular | nuuhkisit, nuuhkiist1) | et nuuhkis | 2nd singular | olisit nuuhkint, olisit nuuhkinut | et olis nuuhkint, et olis nuuhkinut |
3rd singular | nuuhkis | ei nuuhkis | 3rd singular | olis nuuhkint, olis nuuhkinut | ei olis nuuhkint, ei olis nuuhkinut |
1st plural | nuuhkisimma | emmä nuuhkis | 1st plural | olisimma nuuhkineet | emmä olis nuuhkineet |
2nd plural | nuuhkisitta | että nuuhkis | 2nd plural | olisitta nuuhkineet | että olis nuuhkineet |
3rd plural | nuuhkisiit1), nuuhkisivat2), nuuhittais | evät nuuhkis, ei nuuhittais | 3rd plural | olisivat nuuhkineet | evät olis nuuhkineet, ei olis nuuhittu |
impersonal | nuuhittais | ei nuuhittais | impersonal | olis nuuhittu | ei olis nuuhittu |
Imperativa | |||||
Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | — | — | 1st singular | — | — |
2nd singular | nuuhi | elä nuuhi | 2nd singular | oo nuuhkint, oo nuuhkinut | elä oo nuuhkint, elä oo nuuhkinut |
3rd singular | nuuhkikoo | elköö nuuhkiko | 3rd singular | olkoo nuuhkint, olkoo nuuhkinut | elköö olko nuuhkint, elköö olko nuuhkinut |
1st plural | — | — | 1st plural | — | — |
2nd plural | nuuhkikaa | elkää nuuhkiko | 2nd plural | olkaa nuuhkineet | elkää olko nuuhkineet |
3rd plural | nuuhkikoot | elkööt nuuhkiko, elköö nuuhittako | 3rd plural | olkoot nuuhkineet | elkööt olko nuuhkineet, elköö olko nuuhittu |
impersonal | nuuhittakkoo | elköö nuuhittako | impersonal | olkoo nuuhittu | elköö olko nuuhittu |
Potentsiala | |||||
Preesens | |||||
positive | negative | ||||
1st singular | nuuhkinen | en nuuhkine | |||
2nd singular | nuuhkinet | et nuuhkine | |||
3rd singular | nuuhkinoo | ei nuuhkine | |||
1st plural | nuuhkinemma | emmä nuuhkine | |||
2nd plural | nuuhkinetta | että nuuhkine | |||
3rd plural | nuuhkinoot | evät nuuhkine, ei nuuhittane | |||
impersonal | nuuhittannoo | ei nuuhittane | |||
Nominal forms | |||||
Infinitivat | Partisipat | ||||
active | passive | ||||
1st | nuuhkia | present | nuuhkiva | nuuhittava | |
2nd | inessive | nuuhkijees | past | nuuhkint, nuuhkinut | nuuhittu |
instructive | nuuhkien | 1) Chiefly in the Soikkola dialect. 2) Chiefly in the Ala-Laukaa dialect. *) For the imperative, the 2nd plural (nuuhkikaa) may be used for the 3rd person as well. **) The interrogative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) to the indicative ***) The deliberative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) or -kse to either the indicative or the potential ****) In folk poetry, a long first infinitive can be formed by adding the suffix -kse-, followed by possessive suffixes, to the first infinitive. Note that sometimes gemination may be undone by this addition. | |||
3rd | illative | nuuhkimaa | |||
inessive | nuuhkimaas | ||||
elative | nuuhkimast | ||||
abessive | nuuhkimata | ||||
4th | nominative | nuuhkimiin | |||
partitive | nuuhkimista, nuuhkimist |
References
- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 351
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