naureskella
Finnish
Etymology
From nauraa + -skella. The expected form is *nauraskella; the change from a to e is unexplained, but may have been influenced by other -skella verbs, such as oleskella.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈnɑu̯reskelːɑˣ/, [ˈnɑ̝u̯re̞s̠ˌk̟e̞lːɑ̝(ʔ)]
- Rhymes: -elːɑ
- Syllabification(key): nau‧res‧kel‧la
Verb
naureskella
- (intransitive) To laugh intermittently, often alternating with speech, as when telling a funny story.
Conjugation
| Inflection of naureskella (Kotus type 67/tulla, no gradation) | |||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present tense | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | naureskelen | en naureskele | 1st sing. | olen naureskellut | en ole naureskellut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | naureskelet | et naureskele | 2nd sing. | olet naureskellut | et ole naureskellut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | naureskelee | ei naureskele | 3rd sing. | on naureskellut | ei ole naureskellut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | naureskelemme | emme naureskele | 1st plur. | olemme naureskelleet | emme ole naureskelleet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | naureskelette | ette naureskele | 2nd plur. | olette naureskelleet | ette ole naureskelleet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | naureskelevat | eivät naureskele | 3rd plur. | ovat naureskelleet | eivät ole naureskelleet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | naureskellaan | ei naureskella | passive | on naureskeltu | ei ole naureskeltu | ||||||||||||||||
| past tense | pluperfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | naureskelin | en naureskellut | 1st sing. | olin naureskellut | en ollut naureskellut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | naureskelit | et naureskellut | 2nd sing. | olit naureskellut | et ollut naureskellut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | naureskeli | ei naureskellut | 3rd sing. | oli naureskellut | ei ollut naureskellut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | naureskelimme | emme naureskelleet | 1st plur. | olimme naureskelleet | emme olleet naureskelleet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | naureskelitte | ette naureskelleet | 2nd plur. | olitte naureskelleet | ette olleet naureskelleet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | naureskelivat | eivät naureskelleet | 3rd plur. | olivat naureskelleet | eivät olleet naureskelleet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | naureskeltiin | ei naureskeltu | passive | oli naureskeltu | ei ollut naureskeltu | ||||||||||||||||
| conditional mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | naureskelisin | en naureskelisi | 1st sing. | olisin naureskellut | en olisi naureskellut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | naureskelisit | et naureskelisi | 2nd sing. | olisit naureskellut | et olisi naureskellut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | naureskelisi | ei naureskelisi | 3rd sing. | olisi naureskellut | ei olisi naureskellut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | naureskelisimme | emme naureskelisi | 1st plur. | olisimme naureskelleet | emme olisi naureskelleet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | naureskelisitte | ette naureskelisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte naureskelleet | ette olisi naureskelleet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | naureskelisivat | eivät naureskelisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat naureskelleet | eivät olisi naureskelleet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | naureskeltaisiin | ei naureskeltaisi | passive | olisi naureskeltu | ei olisi naureskeltu | ||||||||||||||||
| imperative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | naureskele | älä naureskele | 2nd sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | naureskelkoon | älköön naureskelko | 3rd sing. | olkoon naureskellut | älköön olko naureskellut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | naureskelkaamme | älkäämme naureskelko | 1st plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | naureskelkaa | älkää naureskelko | 2nd plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | naureskelkoot | älkööt naureskelko | 3rd plur. | olkoot naureskelleet | älkööt olko naureskelleet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | naureskeltakoon | älköön naureskeltako | passive | olkoon naureskeltu | älköön olko naureskeltu | ||||||||||||||||
| potential mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | naureskellen | en naureskelle | 1st sing. | lienen naureskellut | en liene naureskellut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | naureskellet | et naureskelle | 2nd sing. | lienet naureskellut | et liene naureskellut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | naureskellee | ei naureskelle | 3rd sing. | lienee naureskellut | ei liene naureskellut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | naureskellemme | emme naureskelle | 1st plur. | lienemme naureskelleet | emme liene naureskelleet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | naureskellette | ette naureskelle | 2nd plur. | lienette naureskelleet | ette liene naureskelleet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | naureskellevat | eivät naureskelle | 3rd plur. | lienevät naureskelleet | eivät liene naureskelleet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | naureskeltaneen | ei naureskeltane | passive | lienee naureskeltu | ei liene naureskeltu | ||||||||||||||||
| Nominal forms | |||||||||||||||||||||
| infinitives | participles | ||||||||||||||||||||
| active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||||||||||
| 1st | naureskella | present | naureskeleva | naureskeltava | |||||||||||||||||
| long 1st1 |
|
past | naureskellut | naureskeltu | |||||||||||||||||
| 2nd | inessive2 | naureskellessa | naureskeltaessa | agent3 | naureskelema | ||||||||||||||||
|
negative | naureskelematon | |||||||||||||||||||
| instructive | naureskellen | — | 1) Used only with a possessive suffix. 2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). | ||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd | inessive | naureskelemassa | — | ||||||||||||||||||
| elative | naureskelemasta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| illative | naureskelemaan | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| adessive | naureskelemalla | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| abessive | naureskelematta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| instructive | naureskeleman | naureskeltaman | |||||||||||||||||||
| 4th4 | verbal noun | naureskeleminen | |||||||||||||||||||
| 5th1 |
| ||||||||||||||||||||
Derived terms
Further reading
- “naureskella”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03
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