nakertaa

Finnish

Etymology 1

nak- +‎ -ertaa, probably of sound-symbolic origin.[1]

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈnɑkertɑːˣ/, [ˈnɑ̝k̟e̞rt̪ɑ̝ː(ʔ)]
  • Rhymes: -ɑkertɑː
  • Syllabification(key): na‧ker‧taa

Verb

nakertaa

  1. to gnaw (to bite or chew persistently)
    Rotta nakersi yön aikana reiän oveen.
    A rat gnawed a hole in the door during the night.
  2. to nibble (to eat with small quick bites)
    Lapsi nakertaa keksiään tyytyväisenä.
    The child is nibbling her biscuit contentedly.
  3. to nibble away (to cause to diminish little by little)
    Harmaa talous nakertaa yhteiskunnan moraalisia perusarvoja.
    The underground economy nibbles away at the basic values of society.
Conjugation
Inflection of nakertaa (Kotus type 54*K/huutaa, rt-rr gradation)
indicative mood
present tense perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. nakerran en nakerra 1st sing. olen nakertanut en ole nakertanut
2nd sing. nakerrat et nakerra 2nd sing. olet nakertanut et ole nakertanut
3rd sing. nakertaa ei nakerra 3rd sing. on nakertanut ei ole nakertanut
1st plur. nakerramme emme nakerra 1st plur. olemme nakertaneet emme ole nakertaneet
2nd plur. nakerratte ette nakerra 2nd plur. olette nakertaneet ette ole nakertaneet
3rd plur. nakertavat eivät nakerra 3rd plur. ovat nakertaneet eivät ole nakertaneet
passive nakerretaan ei nakerreta passive on nakerrettu ei ole nakerrettu
past tense pluperfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. nakersin en nakertanut 1st sing. olin nakertanut en ollut nakertanut
2nd sing. nakersit et nakertanut 2nd sing. olit nakertanut et ollut nakertanut
3rd sing. nakersi ei nakertanut 3rd sing. oli nakertanut ei ollut nakertanut
1st plur. nakersimme emme nakertaneet 1st plur. olimme nakertaneet emme olleet nakertaneet
2nd plur. nakersitte ette nakertaneet 2nd plur. olitte nakertaneet ette olleet nakertaneet
3rd plur. nakersivat eivät nakertaneet 3rd plur. olivat nakertaneet eivät olleet nakertaneet
passive nakerrettiin ei nakerrettu passive oli nakerrettu ei ollut nakerrettu
conditional mood
present perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. nakertaisin en nakertaisi 1st sing. olisin nakertanut en olisi nakertanut
2nd sing. nakertaisit et nakertaisi 2nd sing. olisit nakertanut et olisi nakertanut
3rd sing. nakertaisi ei nakertaisi 3rd sing. olisi nakertanut ei olisi nakertanut
1st plur. nakertaisimme emme nakertaisi 1st plur. olisimme nakertaneet emme olisi nakertaneet
2nd plur. nakertaisitte ette nakertaisi 2nd plur. olisitte nakertaneet ette olisi nakertaneet
3rd plur. nakertaisivat eivät nakertaisi 3rd plur. olisivat nakertaneet eivät olisi nakertaneet
passive nakerrettaisiin ei nakerrettaisi passive olisi nakerrettu ei olisi nakerrettu
imperative mood
present perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. — — 1st sing. — —
2nd sing. nakerra älä nakerra 2nd sing. — —
3rd sing. nakertakoon älköön nakertako 3rd sing. olkoon nakertanut älköön olko nakertanut
1st plur. nakertakaamme älkäämme nakertako 1st plur. — —
2nd plur. nakertakaa älkää nakertako 2nd plur. — —
3rd plur. nakertakoot älkööt nakertako 3rd plur. olkoot nakertaneet älkööt olko nakertaneet
passive nakerrettakoon älköön nakerrettako passive olkoon nakerrettu älköön olko nakerrettu
potential mood
present perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. nakertanen en nakertane 1st sing. lienen nakertanut en liene nakertanut
2nd sing. nakertanet et nakertane 2nd sing. lienet nakertanut et liene nakertanut
3rd sing. nakertanee ei nakertane 3rd sing. lienee nakertanut ei liene nakertanut
1st plur. nakertanemme emme nakertane 1st plur. lienemme nakertaneet emme liene nakertaneet
2nd plur. nakertanette ette nakertane 2nd plur. lienette nakertaneet ette liene nakertaneet
3rd plur. nakertanevat eivät nakertane 3rd plur. lienevät nakertaneet eivät liene nakertaneet
passive nakerrettaneen ei nakerrettane passive lienee nakerrettu ei liene nakerrettu
Nominal forms
infinitives participles
active passive active passive
1st nakertaa present nakertava nakerrettava
long 1st1
Possessive forms
Person sing. plur.
1st nakertaakseni nakertaaksemme
2nd nakertaaksesi nakertaaksenne
3rd nakertaakseen
nakertaaksensa
 past nakertanut nakerrettu
2nd inessive2 nakertaessa nakerrettaessa agent3 nakertama
Possessive forms
Person sing. plur.
1st nakertaessani nakertaessamme
2nd nakertaessasi nakertaessanne
3rd nakertaessaan
nakertaessansa
 negative nakertamaton
instructive nakertaen — 1) Used only with a possessive suffix.

2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only).
3) Usually with a possessive suffix. Not used with intransitive verbs. Distinct from nouns with the -ma suffix and third infinitive forms.
4) Some uses of the verbal noun are called the 'fourth infinitive' by certain sources (more details).
* The third-person singular indicative form nakertaa does not exhibit final gemination,
unlike the first infinitive (the lemma form), even though they are spelled identically.

3rd inessive nakertamassa —
elative nakertamasta —
illative nakertamaan —
adessive nakertamalla —
abessive nakertamatta —
instructive nakertaman nakerrettaman
4th4 verbal noun nakertaminen
5th1
Possessive forms
Person sing. plur.
1st nakertamaisillani nakertamaisillamme
2nd nakertamaisillasi nakertamaisillanne
3rd nakertamaisillaan
nakertamaisillansa
Synonyms
Derived terms

Further reading

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈnɑkertɑː/, [ˈnɑ̝k̟e̞rt̪ɑ̝ː]
  • Rhymes: -ɑkertɑː
  • Syllabification(key): na‧ker‧taa

Verb

nakertaa

  1. third-person singular present indicative of nakertaa

References
  1. Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The origin of Finnish words]‎ (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN

Anagrams
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