meleg
Hungarian
FWOTD – 28 June 2021
Etymology
From Proto-Ugric *mälɜ (“warm, to become warm”) + -eg (nominal suffix). Cognates include Southern Mansi mǟli and Northern Mansi ма̄лтып (māltyp).
The meaning “gay” came into use in analogy with German warm (“warm; homosexual”), with its first attestation from 1908.[1][2]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈmɛlɛɡ]
Audio (file) - Hyphenation: me‧leg
- Rhymes: -ɛɡ
Adjective
meleg (comparative melegebb, superlative legmelegebb)
- warm (having a temperature slightly higher than usual, but still pleasant)
- warm (of clothing or animal fur, thick enough to insulate the body against cold temperatures)
- hot (the direct opposite of cold when there are no further gradations)
- 2009, Gábor Katona, chapter IX, in Észak-amerikai vadászexpedíció 2009:
- Egész nap csak egy szendvicset ettünk, jól jön a meleg étel.
- All we have eaten during the day was one sandwich, we could use a hot meal.
- (figurative) heartfelt, cordial, warm (exhibiting friendliness)
- (figurative) warm (having a color closer to the red-orange-yellow part of the visible color spectrum)
- gay (possessing sexual attraction towards members of the same gender, or relating to gay culture)
- Antonym: heteró
- Coordinate terms: (colloquial) bi, biszexuális
- (colloquial) difficult, tight, close (of a situation, coming close to resulting in harm)
- 1996, Imre Cselenyák, “Plazmás az égben”, in Nem történt semmi:
- Huh, meleg helyzet volt. Majdnem odapréselt bennünket.
- Phew, that was a close call. It nearly squeezed us.
- (colloquial) warm (very close to finding or guessing something in a game)
- 1941, Sándor Weöres, A holdbeli csónakos:
- Erre vagyok! Itt, itt! Nem ott, te marha! Meleg, meleg! Forró!
- I'm over here! Here, here! Not there, you ass! Warm, warm! Hot!
Declension
Inflection (stem in -e-, front unrounded harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | meleg | melegek |
accusative | meleget | melegeket |
dative | melegnek | melegeknek |
instrumental | meleggel | melegekkel |
causal-final | melegért | melegekért |
translative | meleggé | melegekké |
terminative | melegig | melegekig |
essive-formal | melegként | melegekként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | melegben | melegekben |
superessive | melegen | melegeken |
adessive | melegnél | melegeknél |
illative | melegbe | melegekbe |
sublative | melegre | melegekre |
allative | meleghez | melegekhez |
elative | melegből | melegekből |
delative | melegről | melegekről |
ablative | melegtől | melegektől |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
melegé | melegeké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
melegéi | melegekéi |
Derived terms
Compound words
Expressions
Noun
meleg (countable and uncountable, plural melegek)
- warm weather, warmth
- construed with a possessive suffix and van: “to be/feel hot” (literally, “to have heat”), i.e., the sensation of heat, especially to the point of discomfort
- Antonym: fázik (“to be/feel cold”)
- Meleged van? – Nincs melegem. ― Are you hot? / Do you feel hot? – No, I’m not / I don’t.
- a homosexual person, (often more restrictively) a gay man
Declension
Inflection (stem in -e-, front unrounded harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | meleg | melegek |
accusative | meleget | melegeket |
dative | melegnek | melegeknek |
instrumental | meleggel | melegekkel |
causal-final | melegért | melegekért |
translative | meleggé | melegekké |
terminative | melegig | melegekig |
essive-formal | melegként | melegekként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | melegben | melegekben |
superessive | melegen | melegeken |
adessive | melegnél | melegeknél |
illative | melegbe | melegekbe |
sublative | melegre | melegekre |
allative | meleghez | melegekhez |
elative | melegből | melegekből |
delative | melegről | melegekről |
ablative | melegtől | melegektől |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
melegé | melegeké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
melegéi | melegekéi |
Possessive forms of meleg | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | melegem | melegeim |
2nd person sing. | meleged | melegeid |
3rd person sing. | melege | melegei |
1st person plural | melegünk | melegeink |
2nd person plural | melegetek | melegeitek |
3rd person plural | melegük | melegeik |
References
- Entry #1803 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
- meleg in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
Further reading
- meleg in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
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