labrusca
English
Etymology
From the species epithet in Vitis labrusca, from Latin labrusca.
Latin
Alternative forms
Etymology
Uncertain:
- if the first vowel was short, possibly a compound of labrum (“lip”) + ūrō (“to burn”) + -ca, in reference to its acidity - notice the substitution of the first member with lambō (“to lick”). This is supported by several ancient grammarians; other grammarians also refer it to labrum, but in the meaning “edge of the field” where it was usually found;
- if the first vowel was long, possibly from lābor (“to glide down”), but this leaves the second element unexplained.
Compare laburnum (“golden chain”) and rūscum (“butcher's broom”) for possible contamination sources.
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /laːˈbruːs.ka/, [ɫ̪äːˈbruːs̠kä] or IPA(key): /laˈbruːs.ka/, [ɫ̪äˈbruːs̠kä]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /laˈbrus.ka/, [läˈbruskä]
Noun
lā̆brūsca f (genitive lā̆brūscae); first declension
- the plant of the woodland grape (Vitis vinifera subsp. sylvestris)
Declension
First-declension noun.
Derived terms
- lā̆brūscum (“its fruit”)
Descendants
Note that both elements are continued in two shapes: /la-/ vs /lam-/ and /ū/ vs. /u/; as well as in two genders.
- Romanian: lăuruscă
- Dalmatian: abastrain
- Italian: lambrusca, lambrusco
- Tuscan: abròsco, abròstolo, abròstine, abròstano
- Romanesco: ciambrusco
- Northern Italian: lambrosca
- Lombard: lambrüsch, lambrösch
- French: lambris, lambruche, lambrusque
- Franco-Provençal: lambrochi
- Occitan: lambrusca, lambrusc; lambrusco (Gascon)
- Catalan: llambrusca; llebruixea (Majorcan)
- Old Spanish: lambrusca, lambrusco
- → Albanian: larushkë, lërushkë
- → Catalan: labrusca (learned)
- → Portuguese: labrusca (learned)
- → Spanish: labrusca (learned)
References
- “labrusca” in the Thesaurus Linguae Latinae (TLL Open Access), Berlin (formerly Leipzig): De Gruyter (formerly Teubner), 1900–present
Further reading
- “labrusca”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “labrusca”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- labrusca in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
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