kaunis
Estonian
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *kaunis.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkɑu̯nis/, [ˈkɑu̯nʲis]
- Rhymes: -ɑunis
- Hyphenation: kau‧nis
Adjective
kaunis (genitive kauni, partitive kaunist, comparative kaunim, superlative kõige kaunim or kauneim)
Declension
| Declension of kaunis (ÕS type 5/liige, length gradation) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | kaunis | kaunid | |
| accusative | nom. | ||
| gen. | kauni | ||
| genitive | kaunite | ||
| partitive | kaunist | kauneid | |
| illative | kaunisse | kaunitesse kauneisse | |
| inessive | kaunis | kaunites kauneis | |
| elative | kaunist | kaunitest kauneist | |
| allative | kaunile | kaunitele kauneile | |
| adessive | kaunil | kaunitel kauneil | |
| ablative | kaunilt | kaunitelt kauneilt | |
| translative | kauniks | kauniteks kauneiks | |
| terminative | kaunini | kauniteni | |
| essive | kaunina | kaunitena | |
| abessive | kaunita | kauniteta | |
| comitative | kauniga | kaunitega | |
| Declension of kaunis (ÕS type 7/kallas, length gradation) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | kaunis | kaunid | |
| accusative | nom. | ||
| gen. | kauni | ||
| genitive | kauniste | ||
| partitive | kaunist | kauneid | |
| illative | kaunisse | kaunistesse kauneisse | |
| inessive | kaunis | kaunistes kauneis | |
| elative | kaunist | kaunistest kauneist | |
| allative | kaunile | kaunistele kauneile | |
| adessive | kaunil | kaunistel kauneil | |
| ablative | kaunilt | kaunistelt kauneilt | |
| translative | kauniks | kaunisteks kauneiks | |
| terminative | kaunini | kaunisteni | |
| essive | kaunina | kaunistena | |
| abessive | kaunita | kaunisteta | |
| comitative | kauniga | kaunistega | |
Derived terms
- kaunilt
Finnish
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *kaunis, borrowed from Proto-Germanic *skauniz (compare English sheen, German schön, Swedish skön).[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkɑu̯nis/, [ˈkɑ̝u̯nis̠]
- Rhymes: -ɑunis
- Syllabification(key): kau‧nis
Declension
| Inflection of kaunis (Kotus type 41/vieras, no gradation) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | kaunis | kauniit | |
| genitive | kauniin | kauniiden kauniitten | |
| partitive | kaunista | kauniita | |
| illative | kauniiseen | kauniisiin | |
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | kaunis | kauniit | |
| accusative | nom. | kaunis | kauniit |
| gen. | kauniin | ||
| genitive | kauniin | kauniiden kauniitten kaunistenrare | |
| partitive | kaunista | kauniita | |
| inessive | kauniissa | kauniissa | |
| elative | kauniista | kauniista | |
| illative | kauniiseen | kauniisiin kauniihinrare | |
| adessive | kauniilla | kauniilla | |
| ablative | kauniilta | kauniilta | |
| allative | kauniille | kauniille | |
| essive | kauniina | kauniina | |
| translative | kauniiksi | kauniiksi | |
| abessive | kauniitta | kauniitta | |
| instructive | — | kauniin | |
| comitative | — | kauniine | |
| Possessive forms of kaunis (Kotus type 41/vieras, no gradation) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Rare. Only used with substantive adjectives. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Derived terms
compounds
References
- Junttila, Santeri, Kallio, Petri, Holopainen, Sampsa, Kuokkala, Juha, Pystynen, Juho, editors (2020–), “kaunis”, in Suomen vanhimman sanaston etymologinen verkkosanakirja (in Finnish), retrieved 2024-01-01
Further reading
- “kaunis”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02
Ingrian
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *kaunis, borrowed from Proto-Germanic *skauniz. Cognates include Finnish kaunis and Estonian kaunis.
Pronunciation
- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈkɑu̯nis/, [ˈkɑu̯nĭz̠]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈkɑu̯nis/, [ˈkɑu̯niʒ̥]
- Rhymes: -ɑu̯nis
- Hyphenation: kau‧nis
Adjective
kaunis (comparative kauniimp)
- beautiful, pretty
- 1915, Volmari Porkka, quoting Uljaana, “1227. Soikkola, Säätinä III91”, in Väinö Salminen, editor, Suomen Kansan Vanhat Runot. Länsi-Inkerin runot, volume III1, Suomalaisen Kirjallisuuden Seura, lines 24-25:
- Elliina, emäntyeen, // Katoi kaunis vaimoiseen,
- Elina, my little lady of the house, // Katoi, my beautiful wifey,
- 1915, Volmari Porkka, quoting Maaroi Tarinaisista, “1234. Soikkola, Viistinä III98”, in Väinö Salminen, editor, Suomen Kansan Vanhat Runot. Länsi-Inkerin runot, volume III1, Suomalaisen Kirjallisuuden Seura, lines 6-7:
- Konnull on tytöit korriiat, // Kalaniemen neiot kauniit,
- On the farm there are pretty girls, // The beautiful girls of Kalaneemi,
Declension
| Declension of kaunis (type 2/patsas, no gradation) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | kaunis | kauniit |
| genitive | kauniin | kauniin |
| partitive | kaunista, kaunist | kauniita, kaunija |
| illative | kauniisse | kauniisse |
| inessive | kauniis | kauniis |
| elative | kauniist | kauniist |
| allative | kauniille | kauniille |
| adessive | kauniil | kauniil |
| ablative | kauniilt | kauniilt |
| translative | kauniiks | kauniiks |
| essive | kauniinna, kauniin | kauniinna, kauniin |
| exessive1) | kauniint | kauniint |
| 1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive. | ||
Synonyms
- See Thesaurus:käppiä
References
- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 146
Karelian
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *kaunis, borrowed from Proto-Germanic *skauniz. Cognates include Finnish kaunis and Estonian kaunis.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkɑu̯nis/
Declension
Declension of kaunis, no gradation
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References
- P. M. Zaykov (1999) Грамматика Карельского языка (фонетика и морфология) [Grammar of the Karelian language (phonetics and morphology)], →ISBN, pages 36-37
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