kꜣm

Egyptian

Etymology

From an earlier form kꜣnw before undergoing a sound change that caused the coalescence of the two final consonants into m.

Pronunciation

(reconstructed) IPA^(key): /ˈkaʀnVw/ → /ˈkaːʀVm/ → /ˈkaːʔəm/ → /ˈkoːʔəm/

(modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /kɑm/
- Conventional anglicization: kam

Noun

m

vineyard

Inflection

Declension of kꜣm (masculine)

singular	kꜣm
dual	kꜣmwj
plural	kꜣmw

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of kꜣm

M43A

kꜣm

Derived terms

kꜣmw

Descendants

Demotic: kꜣm
- Coptic: ϭⲱⲙ (cōm)

Likely borrowed into Central Semitic:

→ Arabic: كَرْم (karm)
→ Aramaic: כַּרְמָא (karmā)
→ Hebrew: כֶּרֶם (kérem)
→ Ugaritic: 𐎋𐎗𐎎 (krm)

References

Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1931) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎, volume 5, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 106.3–106.9
Peust, Carsten (1999) Egyptian Phonology: An Introduction to the Phonology of a Dead Language‎, Göttingen: Peust und Gutschmidt Verlag GbR, page 163

Loprieno, Antonio (1995) Ancient Egyptian: A Linguistic Introduction, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 31 (but see also Peust)

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