jkꜣnꜣ

Egyptian

Etymology

Compare the earlier Middle Egyptian jkn (“cup”), but also (separately) Hebrew אַגָּן (ʾaggā́n, “ritual- or banquet-bowl”), Phoenician 𐤀𐤂𐤍 (ʾgn, “bowl”), Ugaritic 𐎀𐎂𐎐 (ảgn, “basin”), Warka Aramaic ag-gan-nu, ag-ga-nu (“basin or bowl”), Jewish Palestinian Aramaic גָנייא דקדשׁ (“basins of Qadesh”), Classical Syriac ܐܓܢܐ (ʾaggānā, “water pitcher”), Arabic إجّانَة (ʔijjāna, “large bowl”), Akkadian [Term?] (/⁠agannu⁠/, “large bowl of copper or silver”). The equivalent of the Egyptian term is also attested in cuneiform transcription in the Amarna letters as [script needed] (a-ku-nu /⁠akūnu⁠/), with Albright, Lambdin, and the Chicago Assyrian Dictionary claiming this to be Egyptian in origin; Hoch argues that the reverse is true, and Egyptian borrowed the word from Semitic. In Egyptian, the word appears in lists of items from Syria-Palestine, while in the Amarna letters the word appears in lists of items sent from Egypt; the word is, however, much more widely attested in Semitic languages than in Egyptian. Hoch consequently thinks that the direction of borrowing was into Egyptian, and that the word may not be connected with Middle Egyptian jkn (“cup”).

Pronunciation

(modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /ikɑnɑ/
- Conventional anglicization: ikana

Noun

m

a kind of large vessel or jar, usually made of metal and used to hold fragrant oil or water, exported to and taken as tribute from Syria [18th Dynasty]

Inflection

Declension of jkꜣnꜣ (masculine)

singular	jkꜣnꜣ
dual	jkꜣnꜣwj
plural	jkꜣnꜣw

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of jkꜣnꜣ

jknw

Descendants

>? Sahidic Coptic: ⲁϭⲟⲛ (acon)

References

“jkn (lemma ID 32620)”, in Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae‎, Corpus issue 17, Web app version 2.01 edition, Tonio Sebastian Richter & Daniel A. Werning by order of the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften and Hans-Werner Fischer-Elfert & Peter Dils by order of the Sächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, 2004–15 December 2022
Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1926) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎, volume 1, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, page 140.2
Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 32
Hoch, James E. (1994) Semitic Words in Egyptian Texts of the New Kingdom and Third Intermediate Period, Princeton: Princeton University Press, →ISBN, pages 42–43

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