jedynie

Polish

Alternative forms

Etymology

From jedyny +‎ -ie. The form with the hard -d- was originally a dialectal result of depalatalization that occurred in Lesser Poland, but ultimately displaced the form with -dz-.[1] First attested in 1522.[2] Compare Kashubian jedinie／jedënie and Silesian jedzinie／jedynie for the hard/soft variation. Further compare Masurian jedinie.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /jɛˈdɨ.ɲɛ/
  • (Middle Polish) IPA(key): /jɛˈdɨ.ɲɛ/
  • Audio(file)
  • Rhymes: -ɨɲɛ
  • Syllabification: je‧dy‧nie

Particle

jedynie

  1. only, merely (without others or anything further; exclusively)
    Synonym: tylko
  2. emphasizing something that is just or necessary; only, merely

Trivia

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), jedynie is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 53 times in scientific texts, 25 times in news, 37 times in essays, 15 times in fiction, and 9 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 139 times, making it the 428th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[3]

References
  1. Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000) “jedynie”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)
  2. Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “jedynie”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
  3. Ida Kurcz (1990) “jedynie”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language]‎ (in Polish), volume 1, Kraków, Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 164

Further reading
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