irritus

From Proto-Italic *enratos, from *en- + *ratos, whence also Latin ratus, past participle of *rēōr, whence Latin reor, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁er-.

• inratus
• inritus

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈir.ri.tus/, [ˈɪrːɪt̪ʊs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈir.ri.tus/, [ˈirːit̪us]

irritus (feminine irrita, neuter irritum); first/second-declension adjective

1. invalid, void, null and void

   Synonyms: inānis, vānus

   • c. 69 CE – 122 CE, Suetonius, De vita Caesarum VI 33:

     Certē omnibus rērum verbōrumque contumēliīs mortuum īnsectātus est, modo stultitiae modo saevitiae arguēns; nam et mōrārī eum dēsīsse inter hominēs prōductā prīmā syllabā iocābātur multaque dēcrēta et cōnstitūta, ut īnsipientis atque dēlīrī, prō irritīs habuit.

     He certainly blamed the dead one [Claudius] with all insults, of deeds and of words, sometimes reproving his stupidity, other times his cruelty; for he jested about him having ceased to be a fool among people (with a lengthened first syllable) as well as having many decrees and edicts of his void, as if those of an unwise and crazy one.

2. ineffective, useless, irrelevant

   Synonyms: incommodus, inūtilis, ineptus, ingrātus, grātuītus, īnfēlīx

   Antonyms: opportūnus, commodus, habilis, idōneus, conveniēns, ūtilis, ūtēnsilis, aptus, salūber

First/second-declension adjective.

• → Italian: irrito (learned)
• Spanish: írrito

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /irˈriː.tus/, [ɪrˈriːt̪ʊs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /irˈri.tus/, [irˈriːt̪us]

irrītus m (genitive irrītūs); fourth declension

1. Alternative form of hirrītus

Fourth-declension noun.

• “irritus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• irritus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to frustrate, nullify: ad irritum redigere aliquid
    
  • expectation is overthrown: spes ad irritum cadit, ad irritum redigitur
    
  • to annul, revoke a will: testamentum irritum facere, rumpere
    
  • a law is valid: lex rata est (opp. irrita)
    
• Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 326