iarr
Irish
Etymology
From Old Irish íarraid, from íar (“after”), from Proto-Celtic *eɸirom, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁epi (“near, at, against”); compare Ancient Greek ἐπί (epí, “on, over, at”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /iəɾˠ/[1]
Verb
iarr (present analytic iarrann, future analytic iarrfaidh, verbal noun iarraidh, past participle iarrtha)
Conjugation
conjugation of iarr (first conjugation – A)
singular | plural | relative | autonomous | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||||
indicative | present | iarraim | iarrann tú; iarrair† |
iarrann sé, sí | iarraimid | iarrann sibh | iarrann siad; iarraid† |
a iarrann; a iarras / a n-iarrann*; a n-iarras* |
iarrtar |
past | d'iarr mé; d'iarras / iarr mé‡; iarras‡ |
d'iarr tú; d'iarrais / iarr tú; iarrais‡ |
d'iarr sé, sí / iarr sé, sí‡ |
d'iarramar; d'iarr muid / iarramar; iarr muid‡ |
d'iarr sibh; d'iarrabhair / iarr sibh; iarrabhair‡ |
d'iarr siad; d'iarradar / iarr siad; iarradar‡ |
a d'iarr / ar iarr* |
iarradh; hiarradh† | |
past habitual | d'iarrainn / iarrainn‡; n-iarrainn‡‡ |
d'iarrtá / iarrtá‡; n-iarrtᇇ |
d'iarradh sé, sí / iarradh sé, sí‡; n-iarradh sé, s퇇 |
d'iarraimis; d'iarradh muid / iarraimis; iarradh muid‡; n-iarraimis‡‡; n-iarradh muid‡‡ |
d'iarradh sibh / iarradh sibh‡; n-iarradh sibh‡‡ |
d'iarraidís; d'iarradh siad / iarraidís; iarradh siad‡; n-iarraidís‡‡; n-iarradh siad‡‡ |
a d'iarradh / a n-iarradh* |
d'iarrtaí / iarrtaí‡; n-iarrta퇇 | |
future | iarrfaidh mé; iarrfad |
iarrfaidh tú; iarrfair† |
iarrfaidh sé, sí | iarrfaimid; iarrfaidh muid |
iarrfaidh sibh | iarrfaidh siad; iarrfaid† |
a iarrfaidh; a iarrfas / a n-iarrfaidh*; a n-iarrfas* |
iarrfar | |
conditional | d'iarrfainn / iarrfainn‡; n-iarrfainn‡‡ | d'iarrfá / iarrfá‡; n-iarrfᇇ | d'iarrfadh sé, sí / iarrfadh sé, sí‡; n-iarrfadh sé, s퇇 | d'iarrfaimis; d'iarrfadh muid / iarrfaimis‡; iarrfadh muid‡; n-iarrfaimis‡‡; n-iarrfadh muid‡‡ | d'iarrfadh sibh / iarrfadh sibh‡; n-iarrfadh sibh‡‡ | d'iarrfaidís; d'iarrfadh siad / iarrfaidís‡; iarrfadh siad‡; n-iarrfaidís‡‡; n-iarrfadh siad‡‡ | a d'iarrfadh / a n-iarrfadh* |
d'iarrfaí / iarrfaí‡; n-iarrfa퇇 | |
subjunctive | present | go n-iarra mé; go n-iarrad† |
go n-iarra tú; go n-iarrair† |
go n-iarra sé, sí | go n-iarraimid; go n-iarra muid |
go n-iarra sibh | go n-iarra siad; go n-iarraid† |
— | go n-iarrtar |
past | dá n-iarrainn | dá n-iarrtá | dá n-iarradh sé, sí | dá n-iarraimis; dá n-iarradh muid |
dá n-iarradh sibh | dá n-iarraidís; dá n-iarradh siad |
— | dá n-iarrtaí | |
imperative | iarraim | iarr | iarradh sé, sí | iarraimis | iarraigí; iarraidh† |
iarraidís | — | iarrtar | |
verbal noun | iarraidh | ||||||||
past participle | iarrtha |
* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡ dependent form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis (except an)
Mutation
Irish mutation | |||
---|---|---|---|
Radical | Eclipsis | with h-prothesis | with t-prothesis |
iarr | n-iarr | hiarr | not applicable |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
References
- Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, page 101
Further reading
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “iarr”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
Scottish Gaelic
Etymology
From Old Irish iarraid.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /iərˠ/
Usage notes
- In the sense of requesting or desiring takes the preposition air:
- Dh'iarr e airgead oirre. ― He asked her for money.
- An iarr thu air sin a thachairt? ― Will you desire that to happen?
Conjugation
Conjugation of iarr (regular)
singular | plural | impersonal | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third m/f | first | second | third | |||
independent | past | dh'iarr mi | dh'iarr thu | dh'iarr e/i | dh'iarr sinn | dh'iarr sibh | dh'iarr iad | dh'iarradh |
future | iarraidh mi | iarraidh tu | iarraidh e/i | iarraidh sinn | iarraidh sibh | iarraidh iad | iarrar iarrtar | |
conditional | dh'iarrainn | dh'iarradh tu | dh'iarradh e/i | dh'iarramaid dh'iarradh sinn |
dh'iarradh sibh | dh'iarradh iad | dh'iarrtadh dh'iarraist(e)1 | |
negative | past | cha do dh'iarr mi | cha do dh'iarr thu | cha do dh'iarr e/i | cha do dh'iarr sinn | cha do dh'iarr sibh | cha do dh'iarr iad | cha do dh'iarradh |
future | chan iarr mi | chan iarr thu | chan iarr e/i | chan iarr sinn | chan iarr sibh | chan iarr iad | chan iarrar chan iarrtar | |
conditional | chan iarrainn | chan iarradh tu | chan iarradh e/i | chan iarramaid chan iarradh sinn |
chan iarradh sibh | chan iarradh iad | chan iarrtadh chan iarraist(e)1 | |
affirmative interrogative |
past | an do dh'iarr mi? | an do dh'iarr thu? | an do dh'iarr e/i? | an do dh'iarr sinn? | an do dh'iarr sibh? | an do dh'iarr iad? | an do dh'iarradh? |
future | an iarr mi? | an iarr thu? | an iarr e/i? | an iarr sinn? | an iarr sibh? | an iarr iad? | an iarrar? an iarrtar? | |
conditional | an iarrainn? | an iarradh tu? | an iarradh e/i? | an iarramaid? an iarradh sinn? |
an iarradh sibh? | an iarradh iad? | an iarrtadh? an iarraist(e)1? | |
negative interrogative |
past | nach do dh'iarr mi? | nach do dh'iarr thu? | nach do dh'iarr e/i? | nach do dh'iarr sinn? | nach do dh'iarr sibh? | nach do dh'iarr iad? | nach do dh'iarradh? |
future | nach iarr mi? | nach iarr thu? | nach iarr e/i? | nach iarr sinn? | nach iarr sibh? | nach iarr iad? | nach iarrar? nach iarrtar? | |
conditional | nach iarrainn? | nach iarradh tu? | nach iarradh e/i? | nach iarramaid? nach iarradh sinn? |
nach iarradh sibh? | nach iarradh iad? | nach iarrtadh? nach iarraist(e)1? | |
relative future |
affirmative | (ma) dh'iarras mi | (ma) dh'iarras thu | (ma) dh'iarras e/i | (ma) dh'iarras sinn | (ma) dh'iarras sibh | (ma) dh'iarras iad | (ma) dh'iarrar |
negative | (mur) iarr mi | (mur) iarr thu | (mur) iarr e/i | (mur) iarr sinn | (mur) iarr sibh | (mur) iarr iad | (mur) iarrar (mur) iarrtar | |
imperative | iarram | iarr | iarradh e/i | iarramaid | iarraibh | iarradh iad | iarrar iarrtar | |
stem | iarr | |||||||
verbal noun | iarraidh | |||||||
past participle | iarrte |
Derived terms
Further reading
- Edward Dwelly (1911) “iarr”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
- MacLennan, Malcolm (1925) A Pronouncing and Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language, Edinburgh: J. Grant, →OCLC
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