hordeum
See also: Hordeum
Latin
Alternative forms
- ordeum
Etymology
From Proto-Italic *horzdeom, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰr̥sdeyom (“bristly”) after the long prickly awns of the ear of grain.
Cognate to Old High German gersta (“barley”), German Gerste (“barley”), English gorse. Related to Latin horreo (“to bristle”), hirsutus (“hairy”), and ericius (“urchin”)
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈhor.de.um/, [ˈhɔrd̪eʊ̃ˑ]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈor.de.um/, [ˈɔrd̪eum]
Usage notes
Classical writers used plural forms, but critics such as Bavius claimed that it should be used only in the singular.
Declension
Second-declension noun (neuter).
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative | hordeum | hordea |
| Genitive | hordeī | hordeōrum |
| Dative | hordeō | hordeīs |
| Accusative | hordeum | hordea |
| Ablative | hordeō | hordeīs |
| Vocative | hordeum | hordea |
Derived terms
- hordeāceus
- hordeārius
- hordeātus
- hordeolus
- hordior
Descendants
- Aromanian: ordzu
- Catalan: ordi, orxata
- Dalmatian: vuarz
- Dutch: orgeade
- English: orgeat, horchata
- Franco-Provençal: horgeo, horgeat
- French: orge, orgeat
- Friulian: vuardi
- Italian: orzo, orzata
- Megleno-Romanian: uorz, uorḑ
- Occitan: òrdi, ordiat
- Old Galician-Portuguese: orjo
- Galician: orxo
- Romanian: orz
- Romansch: ierdi, üerdi
- Sardinian: ogliu, olzu, orgiu, orju, orzu
- Sicilian: oriu (from an earlier “òrjiu”)
- Spanish: hordio, horchata
- Translingual: Hordeum
References
- “hordeum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “hordeum”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- hordeum in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
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