havahtua
Finnish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈhɑʋɑhtuɑˣ/, [ˈhɑ̝ʋɑ̝hˌt̪uɑ̝(ʔ)]
- Rhymes: -uɑ
- Syllabification(key): ha‧vah‧tu‧a
Verb
havahtua
- (intransitive) to start, be startled (to awaken suddenly)
- (intransitive) to sit up (to show sudden interest or surprise)
Conjugation
Inflection of havahtua (Kotus type 52*F/sanoa, t-d gradation) | |||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
indicative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present tense | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | havahdun | en havahdu | 1st sing. | olen havahtunut | en ole havahtunut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | havahdut | et havahdu | 2nd sing. | olet havahtunut | et ole havahtunut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | havahtuu | ei havahdu | 3rd sing. | on havahtunut | ei ole havahtunut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | havahdumme | emme havahdu | 1st plur. | olemme havahtuneet | emme ole havahtuneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | havahdutte | ette havahdu | 2nd plur. | olette havahtuneet | ette ole havahtuneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | havahtuvat | eivät havahdu | 3rd plur. | ovat havahtuneet | eivät ole havahtuneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | havahdutaan | ei havahduta | passive | on havahduttu | ei ole havahduttu | ||||||||||||||||
past tense | pluperfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | havahduin | en havahtunut | 1st sing. | olin havahtunut | en ollut havahtunut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | havahduit | et havahtunut | 2nd sing. | olit havahtunut | et ollut havahtunut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | havahtui | ei havahtunut | 3rd sing. | oli havahtunut | ei ollut havahtunut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | havahduimme | emme havahtuneet | 1st plur. | olimme havahtuneet | emme olleet havahtuneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | havahduitte | ette havahtuneet | 2nd plur. | olitte havahtuneet | ette olleet havahtuneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | havahtuivat | eivät havahtuneet | 3rd plur. | olivat havahtuneet | eivät olleet havahtuneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | havahduttiin | ei havahduttu | passive | oli havahduttu | ei ollut havahduttu | ||||||||||||||||
conditional mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | havahtuisin | en havahtuisi | 1st sing. | olisin havahtunut | en olisi havahtunut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | havahtuisit | et havahtuisi | 2nd sing. | olisit havahtunut | et olisi havahtunut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | havahtuisi | ei havahtuisi | 3rd sing. | olisi havahtunut | ei olisi havahtunut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | havahtuisimme | emme havahtuisi | 1st plur. | olisimme havahtuneet | emme olisi havahtuneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | havahtuisitte | ette havahtuisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte havahtuneet | ette olisi havahtuneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | havahtuisivat | eivät havahtuisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat havahtuneet | eivät olisi havahtuneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | havahduttaisiin | ei havahduttaisi | passive | olisi havahduttu | ei olisi havahduttu | ||||||||||||||||
imperative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | havahdu | älä havahdu | 2nd sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | havahtukoon | älköön havahtuko | 3rd sing. | olkoon havahtunut | älköön olko havahtunut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | havahtukaamme | älkäämme havahtuko | 1st plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | havahtukaa | älkää havahtuko | 2nd plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | havahtukoot | älkööt havahtuko | 3rd plur. | olkoot havahtuneet | älkööt olko havahtuneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | havahduttakoon | älköön havahduttako | passive | olkoon havahduttu | älköön olko havahduttu | ||||||||||||||||
potential mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | havahtunen | en havahtune | 1st sing. | lienen havahtunut | en liene havahtunut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | havahtunet | et havahtune | 2nd sing. | lienet havahtunut | et liene havahtunut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | havahtunee | ei havahtune | 3rd sing. | lienee havahtunut | ei liene havahtunut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | havahtunemme | emme havahtune | 1st plur. | lienemme havahtuneet | emme liene havahtuneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | havahtunette | ette havahtune | 2nd plur. | lienette havahtuneet | ette liene havahtuneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | havahtunevat | eivät havahtune | 3rd plur. | lienevät havahtuneet | eivät liene havahtuneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | havahduttaneen | ei havahduttane | passive | lienee havahduttu | ei liene havahduttu | ||||||||||||||||
Nominal forms | |||||||||||||||||||||
infinitives | participles | ||||||||||||||||||||
active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||||||||||
1st | havahtua | present | havahtuva | havahduttava | |||||||||||||||||
long 1st1 |
|
past | havahtunut | havahduttu | |||||||||||||||||
2nd | inessive2 | havahtuessa | havahduttaessa | agent3 | havahtuma | ||||||||||||||||
|
negative | havahtumaton | |||||||||||||||||||
instructive | havahtuen | — | 1) Used only with a possessive suffix. 2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). | ||||||||||||||||||
3rd | inessive | havahtumassa | — | ||||||||||||||||||
elative | havahtumasta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
illative | havahtumaan | — | |||||||||||||||||||
adessive | havahtumalla | — | |||||||||||||||||||
abessive | havahtumatta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
instructive | havahtuman | havahduttaman | |||||||||||||||||||
4th4 | verbal noun | havahtuminen | |||||||||||||||||||
5th1 |
|
Derived terms
Further reading
- “havahtua”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02
Ingrian
Pronunciation
- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈhɑʋɑhtuɑ/, [ˈhɑʋɑhˌtuɑ]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈhɑʋɑhtuɑ/, [ˈhɑʋɑhˌtuɑ]
- Rhymes: -uɑ
- Hyphenation: ha‧vah‧tu‧a
Verb
havahtua
- (intransitive) to start, awaken
- 1936, D. I. Efimov, Lukukirja: Inkeroisia alkușkouluja vart (toin osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 3:
- Katso: jo tuuli havahtui pehkois
i neeƶnoisest laulaa pajupuun lehtois.- Look: The wind has already awakened in the shrubs
and softly it sings in the willow tree's leaves.
- Look: The wind has already awakened in the shrubs
Conjugation
Conjugation of havahtua (type 1/ampua, t- gradation) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indikativa | |||||
Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | havahun | en havahu | 1st singular | oon havahtunt, oon havahtunut | en oo havahtunt, en oo havahtunut |
2nd singular | havahut | et havahu | 2nd singular | oot havahtunt, oot havahtunut | et oo havahtunt, et oo havahtunut |
3rd singular | havahtuu | ei havahu | 3rd singular | ono havahtunt, ono havahtunut | ei oo havahtunt, ei oo havahtunut |
1st plural | havahumma | emmä havahu | 1st plural | oomma havahtunneet | emmä oo havahtunneet |
2nd plural | havahutta | että havahu | 2nd plural | ootta havahtunneet | että oo havahtunneet |
3rd plural | havahtuut1), havahtuvat2), havahuttaa | evät havahu, ei havahuta | 3rd plural | ovat havahtunneet | evät oo havahtunneet, ei oo havahuttu |
impersonal | havahuttaa | ei havahuta | impersonal | ono havahuttu | ei oo havahuttu |
Imperfekta | Pluskvamperfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | havahuin | en havahtunt, en havahtunut | 1st singular | olin havahtunt, olin havahtunut | en olt havahtunt, en olt havahtunut |
2nd singular | havahuit | et havahtunt, et havahtunut | 2nd singular | olit havahtunt, olit havahtunut | et olt havahtunt, et olt havahtunut |
3rd singular | havahtui | ei havahtunt, ei havahtunut | 3rd singular | oli havahtunt, oli havahtunut | ei olt havahtunt, ei olt havahtunut |
1st plural | havahuimma | emmä havahtunneet | 1st plural | olimma havahtunneet | emmä olleet havahtunneet |
2nd plural | havahuitta | että havahtunneet | 2nd plural | olitta havahtunneet | että olleet havahtunneet |
3rd plural | havahtuit1), havahtuivat2), havahuttii | evät havahtunneet, ei havahuttu | 3rd plural | olivat havahtunneet | evät olleet havahtunneet, ei olt havahuttu |
impersonal | havahuttii | ei havahuttu | impersonal | oli havahuttu | ei olt havahuttu |
Konditsionala | |||||
Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | havahtuisin | en havahtuis | 1st singular | olisin havahtunt, olisin havahtunut | en olis havahtunt, en olis havahtunut |
2nd singular | havahtuisit, havahtuist1) | et havahtuis | 2nd singular | olisit havahtunt, olisit havahtunut | et olis havahtunt, et olis havahtunut |
3rd singular | havahtuis | ei havahtuis | 3rd singular | olis havahtunt, olis havahtunut | ei olis havahtunt, ei olis havahtunut |
1st plural | havahtuisimma | emmä havahtuis | 1st plural | olisimma havahtunneet | emmä olis havahtunneet |
2nd plural | havahtuisitta | että havahtuis | 2nd plural | olisitta havahtunneet | että olis havahtunneet |
3rd plural | havahtuisiit1), havahtuisivat2), havahuttais | evät havahtuis, ei havahuttais | 3rd plural | olisivat havahtunneet | evät olis havahtunneet, ei olis havahuttu |
impersonal | havahuttais | ei havahuttais | impersonal | olis havahuttu | ei olis havahuttu |
Imperativa | |||||
Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | — | — | 1st singular | — | — |
2nd singular | havahu | elä havahu | 2nd singular | oo havahtunt, oo havahtunut | elä oo havahtunt, elä oo havahtunut |
3rd singular | havahtukkoo | elköö havahtuko | 3rd singular | olkoo havahtunt, olkoo havahtunut | elköö olko havahtunt, elköö olko havahtunut |
1st plural | — | — | 1st plural | — | — |
2nd plural | havahtukkaa | elkää havahtuko | 2nd plural | olkaa havahtunneet | elkää olko havahtunneet |
3rd plural | havahtukkoot | elkööt havahtuko, elköö havahuttako | 3rd plural | olkoot havahtunneet | elkööt olko havahtunneet, elköö olko havahuttu |
impersonal | havahuttakoo | elköö havahuttako | impersonal | olkoo havahuttu | elköö olko havahuttu |
Potentsiala | |||||
Preesens | |||||
positive | negative | ||||
1st singular | havahtunen | en havahtune | |||
2nd singular | havahtunet | et havahtune | |||
3rd singular | havahtunnoo | ei havahtune | |||
1st plural | havahtunemma | emmä havahtune | |||
2nd plural | havahtunetta | että havahtune | |||
3rd plural | havahtunnoot | evät havahtune, ei havahuttane | |||
impersonal | havahuttanoo | ei havahuttane | |||
Nominal forms | |||||
Infinitivat | Partisipat | ||||
active | passive | ||||
1st | havahtua | present | havahtuva | havahuttava | |
2nd | inessive | havahtues | past | havahtunt, havahtunut | havahuttu |
instructive | havahtuen | 1) Chiefly in the Soikkola dialect. 2) Chiefly in the Ala-Laukaa dialect. *) For the imperative, the 2nd plural (havahtukkaa) may be used for the 3rd person as well. **) The interrogative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) to the indicative ***) The deliberative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) or -kse to either the indicative or the potential ****) In folk poetry, a long first infinitive can be formed by adding the suffix -kse-, followed by possessive suffixes, to the first infinitive. Note that sometimes gemination may be undone by this addition. | |||
3rd | illative | havahtummaa | |||
inessive | havahtumas | ||||
elative | havahtumast | ||||
abessive | havahtumata | ||||
4th | nominative | havahtumiin | |||
partitive | havahtumista, havahtumist |
Synonyms
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