hangulat
Hungarian
Etymology
First attested in c. 1830. Calque of German Stimmung (“mood”), from hangul (“a variant of hangol (“to tune”)”) + -at (noun-forming suffix). For the derivation, compare indul to indulat. Created during the Hungarian language reform, which took place in the 18th–19th centuries.[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈhɒŋɡulɒt]
- Hyphenation: han‧gu‧lat
- Rhymes: -ɒt
Declension
| Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | hangulat | hangulatok |
| accusative | hangulatot | hangulatokat |
| dative | hangulatnak | hangulatoknak |
| instrumental | hangulattal | hangulatokkal |
| causal-final | hangulatért | hangulatokért |
| translative | hangulattá | hangulatokká |
| terminative | hangulatig | hangulatokig |
| essive-formal | hangulatként | hangulatokként |
| essive-modal | — | — |
| inessive | hangulatban | hangulatokban |
| superessive | hangulaton | hangulatokon |
| adessive | hangulatnál | hangulatoknál |
| illative | hangulatba | hangulatokba |
| sublative | hangulatra | hangulatokra |
| allative | hangulathoz | hangulatokhoz |
| elative | hangulatból | hangulatokból |
| delative | hangulatról | hangulatokról |
| ablative | hangulattól | hangulatoktól |
| non-attributive possessive - singular |
hangulaté | hangulatoké |
| non-attributive possessive - plural |
hangulatéi | hangulatokéi |
| Possessive forms of hangulat | ||
|---|---|---|
| possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
| 1st person sing. | hangulatom | hangulataim |
| 2nd person sing. | hangulatod | hangulataid |
| 3rd person sing. | hangulata | hangulatai |
| 1st person plural | hangulatunk | hangulataink |
| 2nd person plural | hangulatotok | hangulataitok |
| 3rd person plural | hangulatuk | hangulataik |
References
- hangulat in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
Further reading
- hangulat in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
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