hꜣb

See also: ḫꜣb and ḥꜣb

Egyptian

Pronunciation
 
  • (reconstructed) IPA(key): /ˈhaːʀab/ → /ˈhaːʀab/ → /ˈhaːʔəb/ → /ˈhoːʔəβ/

Verb
hAbD54

 3-lit.

  1. (transitive) to send (someone, e.g. on an errand) (+ r: to (some place))
  2. (transitive) to send (word) (+ n: to (someone); + ḥr: about)

Inflection
Conjugation of hꜣb (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: hꜣb, geminated stem: hꜣbb
infinitival forms imperative
infinitive negatival complement complementary infinitive1 singular plural
hꜣb
 hꜣbw, hꜣb
 hꜣbt
 hꜣb
 hꜣb
‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem periphrastic imperfective2 periphrastic prospective2
hꜣb
 ḥr hꜣb
 m hꜣb
 r hꜣb
suffix conjugation
aspect / mood active passive contingent
aspect / mood active passive
perfect hꜣb.n
 hꜣbw, hꜣb
 consecutive hꜣb.jn
 active + .tj1, .tw2
active + .tj1, .tw2
terminative hꜣbt
perfective3 hꜣb
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 obligative1 hꜣb.ḫr
 active + .tj1, .tw2
imperfective hꜣb
 active + .tj1, .tw2
prospective3 hꜣb
 hꜣbb
 potentialis1 hꜣb.kꜣ
 active + .tj1, .tw2
active + .tj1, .tw2
subjunctive hꜣb
 active + .tj1, .tw2
verbal adjectives
aspect / mood relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms participles
active passive active passive
perfect hꜣb.n
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 — —
perfective hꜣb
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 hꜣb
 hꜣb, hꜣbw5, hꜣby5
imperfective hꜣb, hꜣby, hꜣbw5
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 hꜣb, hꜣbj6, hꜣby6
 hꜣb, hꜣbw5
prospective hꜣb, hꜣbtj7
 — hꜣbtj4, hꜣbt4
  1. Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
  2. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
  3. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
  4. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn.
  5. Only in the masculine singular.
  6. Only in the masculine.
  7. Only in the feminine.

Descendants
  • Demotic: hb

References
  • James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 221.
  • Hoch, James (1997) Middle Egyptian Grammar, Mississauga: Benben Publications, →ISBN, page 42
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