gyufa
Hungarian
Etymology
First attested in 1840. From gyú (“shortened from gyújt (“to light, spark”), used in adjective sense here”) + fa (“wood”). Created during the Hungarian language reform, which took place in the 18th–19th centuries as a calque of German Zündholz.[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈɟufɒ]
Audio (file) - Hyphenation: gyu‧fa
- Rhymes: -fɒ
Declension
| Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | gyufa | gyufák |
| accusative | gyufát | gyufákat |
| dative | gyufának | gyufáknak |
| instrumental | gyufával | gyufákkal |
| causal-final | gyufáért | gyufákért |
| translative | gyufává | gyufákká |
| terminative | gyufáig | gyufákig |
| essive-formal | gyufaként | gyufákként |
| essive-modal | — | — |
| inessive | gyufában | gyufákban |
| superessive | gyufán | gyufákon |
| adessive | gyufánál | gyufáknál |
| illative | gyufába | gyufákba |
| sublative | gyufára | gyufákra |
| allative | gyufához | gyufákhoz |
| elative | gyufából | gyufákból |
| delative | gyufáról | gyufákról |
| ablative | gyufától | gyufáktól |
| non-attributive possessive - singular |
gyufáé | gyufáké |
| non-attributive possessive - plural |
gyufáéi | gyufákéi |
| Possessive forms of gyufa | ||
|---|---|---|
| possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
| 1st person sing. | gyufám | gyufáim |
| 2nd person sing. | gyufád | gyufáid |
| 3rd person sing. | gyufája | gyufái |
| 1st person plural | gyufánk | gyufáink |
| 2nd person plural | gyufátok | gyufáitok |
| 3rd person plural | gyufájuk | gyufáik |
Derived terms
- gyufás
Compound words
- gyufacímke
- gyufagyártás
- gyufaskatulya
- gyufaszál
Expressions
- kihúzza a gyufát
References
- gyufa in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
Further reading
- gyufa in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
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