gnosco

Latin

Pronunciation

(Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈɡnoːs.koː/, [ˈŋnoːs̠koː]

(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈɲos.ko/, [ˈɲɔsko]

Verb

gnōscō (present infinitive gnōscere, perfect active gnōvī, supine gnōtum); third conjugation

Alternative form of nōscō

Conjugation

Conjugation of gnōscō (third conjugation)
indicative		singular			plural
indicative		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	gnōscō	gnōscis	gnōscit	gnōscimus	gnōscitis	gnōscunt
	imperfect	gnōscēbam	gnōscēbās	gnōscēbat	gnōscēbāmus	gnōscēbātis	gnōscēbant
	future	gnōscam	gnōscēs	gnōscet	gnōscēmus	gnōscētis	gnōscent
	perfect	gnōvī	gnōvistī, gnōstī¹	gnōvit	gnōvimus, gnōmus¹	gnōvistis, gnōstis¹	gnōvērunt, gnōvēre, gnōrunt¹
	pluperfect	gnōveram, gnōram¹	gnōverās, gnōrās¹	gnōverat, gnōrat¹	gnōverāmus, gnōrāmus¹	gnōverātis, gnōrātis¹	gnōverant, gnōrant¹
	future perfect	gnōverō, gnōrō¹	gnōveris, gnōris¹	gnōverit, gnōrit¹	gnōverimus, gnōrimus¹	gnōveritis, gnōritis¹	gnōverint, gnōrint¹
passive	present	gnōscor	gnōsceris, gnōscere	gnōscitur	gnōscimur	gnōsciminī	gnōscuntur
	imperfect	gnōscēbar	gnōscēbāris, gnōscēbāre	gnōscēbātur	gnōscēbāmur	gnōscēbāminī	gnōscēbantur
	future	gnōscar	gnōscēris, gnōscēre	gnōscētur	gnōscēmur	gnōscēminī	gnōscentur
	perfect	gnōtus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	gnōtus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	gnōtus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular			plural
subjunctive		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	gnōscam	gnōscās	gnōscat	gnōscāmus	gnōscātis	gnōscant
	imperfect	gnōscerem	gnōscerēs	gnōsceret	gnōscerēmus	gnōscerētis	gnōscerent
	perfect	gnōverim, gnōrim¹	gnōverīs, gnōrīs¹	gnōverit, gnōrit¹	gnōverīmus, gnōrīmus¹	gnōverītis, gnōrītis¹	gnōverint, gnōrint¹
	pluperfect	gnōvissem, gnōssem¹	gnōvissēs, gnōssēs¹	gnōvisset, gnōsset¹	gnōvissēmus, gnōssēmus¹	gnōvissētis, gnōssētis¹	gnōvissent, gnōssent¹
passive	present	gnōscar	gnōscāris, gnōscāre	gnōscātur	gnōscāmur	gnōscāminī	gnōscantur
	imperfect	gnōscerer	gnōscerēris, gnōscerēre	gnōscerētur	gnōscerēmur	gnōscerēminī	gnōscerentur
	perfect	gnōtus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	gnōtus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular			plural
imperative		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	—	gnōsce	—	—	gnōscite	—
active	future	—	gnōscitō	gnōscitō	—	gnōscitōte	gnōscuntō
passive	present	—	gnōscere	—	—	gnōsciminī	—
passive	future	—	gnōscitor	gnōscitor	—	—	gnōscuntor
non-finite forms		active			passive
non-finite forms		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		gnōscere	gnōvisse, gnōsse¹	gnōtūrum esse	gnōscī	gnōtum esse	gnōtum īrī
participles		gnōscēns	—	gnōtūrus	—	gnōtus	gnōscendus, gnōscundus
verbal nouns		gerund				supine
		genitive	dative	accusative	ablative	accusative	ablative
		gnōscendī	gnōscendō	gnōscendum	gnōscendō	gnōtum	gnōtū

¹The verb "nōscō" and its compounds frequently drop the syllables "vi" and "ve" from their perfect, pluperfect and future perfect conjugations.

References

“gnosco”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
gnosco in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
gnosco in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

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