glacies
Latin
Alternative forms
- glacia (late)
Etymology
Of uncertain origin.
Attested from Varro onwards. The ending is -iēs (noun-forming suffix), and the initial element is traditionally compared to gelū (“frost”),[1][2] from Proto-Indo-European *gel- (“to freeze”). Nevertheless, per De Vaan, there is no apparent way to derive glaciēs from the latter.[3][4]
Lewis & Short proposed a connection with Ancient Greek γάλα (gála, “milk”), noting also the verb γλαγάω (glagáō, “to be milky”).[5] The implication that glaciēs is related to lac (“milk”) is neither semantically nor phonologically convincing.
This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈɡla.ki.eːs/, [ˈɡɫ̪äkieːs̠]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈɡla.t͡ʃi.es/, [ˈɡläːt͡ʃies]
Declension
Fifth-declension noun.
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative | glaciēs | glaciēs |
| Genitive | glaciēī | glaciērum |
| Dative | glaciēī | glaciēbus |
| Accusative | glaciem | glaciēs |
| Ablative | glaciē | glaciēbus |
| Vocative | glaciēs | glaciēs |
Derived terms
Descendants
Direct reflexes:
Reflexes of an assumed *glacium/-a (compare Late Latin glacia):
- Balkan Romance:
- Dalmatian:
- Italo-Romance:
- Padanian:
- Gallo-Romance:
- Ibero-Romance:
- Galician: lazo
- ⇒ Vulgar Latin: *glaciārium (see there for further descendants)
References
- Weiss, Michael L. (2009) Outline of the Historical and Comparative Grammar of Latin, Ann Arbor: Beech Stave Press, →ISBN, § V, page 323
- Ernout, Alfred, Meillet, Antoine (1985) “glacies”, in Dictionnaire étymologique de la langue latine: histoire des mots (in French), 4th edition, with additions and corrections of Jacques André, Paris: Klincksieck, published 2001, page 275
- De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “glaciēs”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 263
- Weiss, Michael L. (2009) Outline of the Historical and Comparative Grammar of Latin, Ann Arbor: Beech Stave Press, →ISBN, § V, page 323
- “glacies”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
Further reading
- “glacies”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- glacies in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “glacies”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 4: G H I, page 142
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