franchir

French

Etymology

From Old French, corresponding to franc +‎ -ir.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /fʁɑ̃.ʃiʁ/
  • audio(file)

Verb

franchir

  1. to clear, to cross (a line), to pass (an obstacle etc.); to get over (a fence)
    Des milliers de camions franchissent la frontière chaque jour.
    Thousands of trucks cross the border every day.
  2. to cover (a distance)

Conjugation

This is a regular verb of the second conjugation, like finir, choisir, and most other verbs with infinitives ending in -ir. One salient feature of this conjugation is the repeated appearance of the infix -iss-.

Conjugation of franchir (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive simple franchir
compound avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1 simple franchissant
/fʁɑ̃.ʃi.sɑ̃/
compound ayant + past participle
past participle franchi
/fʁɑ̃.ʃi/
singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative je (j’) tu il, elle, on nous vous ils, elles
(simple
tenses)		 present franchis
/fʁɑ̃.ʃi/		 franchis
/fʁɑ̃.ʃi/		 franchit
/fʁɑ̃.ʃi/		 franchissons
/fʁɑ̃.ʃi.sɔ̃/		 franchissez
/fʁɑ̃.ʃi.se/		 franchissent
/fʁɑ̃.ʃis/
imperfect franchissais
/fʁɑ̃.ʃi.sɛ/		 franchissais
/fʁɑ̃.ʃi.sɛ/		 franchissait
/fʁɑ̃.ʃi.sɛ/		 franchissions
/fʁɑ̃.ʃi.sjɔ̃/		 franchissiez
/fʁɑ̃.ʃi.sje/		 franchissaient
/fʁɑ̃.ʃi.sɛ/
past historic2 franchis
/fʁɑ̃.ʃi/		 franchis
/fʁɑ̃.ʃi/		 franchit
/fʁɑ̃.ʃi/		 franchîmes
/fʁɑ̃.ʃim/		 franchîtes
/fʁɑ̃.ʃit/		 franchirent
/fʁɑ̃.ʃiʁ/
future franchirai
/fʁɑ̃.ʃi.ʁe/		 franchiras
/fʁɑ̃.ʃi.ʁa/		 franchira
/fʁɑ̃.ʃi.ʁa/		 franchirons
/fʁɑ̃.ʃi.ʁɔ̃/		 franchirez
/fʁɑ̃.ʃi.ʁe/		 franchiront
/fʁɑ̃.ʃi.ʁɔ̃/
conditional franchirais
/fʁɑ̃.ʃi.ʁɛ/		 franchirais
/fʁɑ̃.ʃi.ʁɛ/		 franchirait
/fʁɑ̃.ʃi.ʁɛ/		 franchirions
/fʁɑ̃.ʃi.ʁjɔ̃/		 franchiriez
/fʁɑ̃.ʃi.ʁje/		 franchiraient
/fʁɑ̃.ʃi.ʁɛ/
(compound
tenses)		 present perfect present indicative of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
past anterior2 past historic of avoir + past participle
future perfect future of avoir + past participle
conditional perfect conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive que je (j’) que tu qu’il, qu’elle que nous que vous qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple
tenses)		 present franchisse
/fʁɑ̃.ʃis/		 franchisses
/fʁɑ̃.ʃis/		 franchisse
/fʁɑ̃.ʃis/		 franchissions
/fʁɑ̃.ʃi.sjɔ̃/		 franchissiez
/fʁɑ̃.ʃi.sje/		 franchissent
/fʁɑ̃.ʃis/
imperfect2 franchisse
/fʁɑ̃.ʃis/		 franchisses
/fʁɑ̃.ʃis/		 franchît
/fʁɑ̃.ʃi/		 franchissions
/fʁɑ̃.ʃi.sjɔ̃/		 franchissiez
/fʁɑ̃.ʃi.sje/		 franchissent
/fʁɑ̃.ʃis/
(compound
tenses)		 past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
pluperfect2 imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative – tu – nous vous –
simple — franchis
/fʁɑ̃.ʃi/		 — franchissons
/fʁɑ̃.ʃi.sɔ̃/		 franchissez
/fʁɑ̃.ʃi.se/		 —
compound — simple imperative of avoir + past participle — simple imperative of avoir + past participle simple imperative of avoir + past participle —
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
  • past historic → present perfect
  • past anterior → pluperfect
  • imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive
  • pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive

(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Derived terms

Further reading
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