fowuna
Xhosa
Inflection
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Zulu
Inflection
Tone unknown | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Infinitive | ukufowuna | ||||||||
Positive | Negative | ||||||||
Infinitive | ukufowuna | ukungafowuni | |||||||
Imperative | |||||||||
Simple | + object concord | ||||||||
Singular | fowuna | -fowune | |||||||
Plural | fowunani | -fowuneni | |||||||
Present | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngiyafowuna, ngifowuna | engifowunayo, engifowuna | ngifowuna | angifowuni | engingafowuni | ngingafowuni | |||
2nd singular | uyafowuna, ufowuna | ofowunayo, ofowuna | ufowuna | awufowuni | ongafowuni | ungafowuni | |||
1st plural | siyafowuna, sifowuna | esifowunayo, esifowuna | sifowuna | asifowuni | esingafowuni | singafowuni | |||
2nd plural | niyafowuna, nifowuna | enifowunayo, enifowuna | nifowuna | anifowuni | eningafowuni | ningafowuni | |||
Class 1 | uyafowuna, ufowuna | ofowunayo, ofowuna | efowuna | akafowuni | ongafowuni | engafowuni | |||
Class 2 | bayafowuna, bafowuna | abafowunayo, abafowuna | befowuna | abafowuni | abangafowuni | bengafowuni | |||
Class 3 | uyafowuna, ufowuna | ofowunayo, ofowuna | ufowuna | awufowuni | ongafowuni | ungafowuni | |||
Class 4 | iyafowuna, ifowuna | efowunayo, efowuna | ifowuna | ayifowuni | engafowuni | ingafowuni | |||
Class 5 | liyafowuna, lifowuna | elifowunayo, elifowuna | lifowuna | alifowuni | elingafowuni | lingafowuni | |||
Class 6 | ayafowuna, afowuna | afowunayo, afowuna | efowuna | awafowuni | angafowuni | engafowuni | |||
Class 7 | siyafowuna, sifowuna | esifowunayo, esifowuna | sifowuna | asifowuni | esingafowuni | singafowuni | |||
Class 8 | ziyafowuna, zifowuna | ezifowunayo, ezifowuna | zifowuna | azifowuni | ezingafowuni | zingafowuni | |||
Class 9 | iyafowuna, ifowuna | efowunayo, efowuna | ifowuna | ayifowuni | engafowuni | ingafowuni | |||
Class 10 | ziyafowuna, zifowuna | ezifowunayo, ezifowuna | zifowuna | azifowuni | ezingafowuni | zingafowuni | |||
Class 11 | luyafowuna, lufowuna | olufowunayo, olufowuna | lufowuna | alufowuni | olungafowuni | lungafowuni | |||
Class 14 | buyafowuna, bufowuna | obufowunayo, obufowuna | bufowuna | abufowuni | obungafowuni | bungafowuni | |||
Class 15 | kuyafowuna, kufowuna | okufowunayo, okufowuna | kufowuna | akufowuni | okungafowuni | kungafowuni | |||
Class 17 | kuyafowuna, kufowuna | okufowunayo, okufowuna | kufowuna | akufowuni | okungafowuni | kungafowuni | |||
Recent past | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngifowunile, ngifowunē | engifowunile, engifowunē | ngifowunile, ngifowunē | angifowunanga | engingafowunanga | ngingafowunanga | |||
2nd singular | ufowunile, ufowunē | ofowunile, ofowunē | ufowunile, ufowunē | awufowunanga | ongafowunanga | ungafowunanga | |||
1st plural | sifowunile, sifowunē | esifowunile, esifowunē | sifowunile, sifowunē | asifowunanga | esingafowunanga | singafowunanga | |||
2nd plural | nifowunile, nifowunē | enifowunile, enifowunē | nifowunile, nifowunē | anifowunanga | eningafowunanga | ningafowunanga | |||
Class 1 | ufowunile, ufowunē | ofowunile, ofowunē | efowunile, efowunē | akafowunanga | ongafowunanga | engafowunanga | |||
Class 2 | bafowunile, bafowunē | abafowunile, abafowunē | befowunile, befowunē | abafowunanga | abangafowunanga | bengafowunanga | |||
Class 3 | ufowunile, ufowunē | ofowunile, ofowunē | ufowunile, ufowunē | awufowunanga | ongafowunanga | ungafowunanga | |||
Class 4 | ifowunile, ifowunē | efowunile, efowunē | ifowunile, ifowunē | ayifowunanga | engafowunanga | ingafowunanga | |||
Class 5 | lifowunile, lifowunē | elifowunile, elifowunē | lifowunile, lifowunē | alifowunanga | elingafowunanga | lingafowunanga | |||
Class 6 | afowunile, afowunē | afowunile, afowunē | efowunile, efowunē | awafowunanga | angafowunanga | engafowunanga | |||
Class 7 | sifowunile, sifowunē | esifowunile, esifowunē | sifowunile, sifowunē | asifowunanga | esingafowunanga | singafowunanga | |||
Class 8 | zifowunile, zifowunē | ezifowunile, ezifowunē | zifowunile, zifowunē | azifowunanga | ezingafowunanga | zingafowunanga | |||
Class 9 | ifowunile, ifowunē | efowunile, efowunē | ifowunile, ifowunē | ayifowunanga | engafowunanga | ingafowunanga | |||
Class 10 | zifowunile, zifowunē | ezifowunile, ezifowunē | zifowunile, zifowunē | azifowunanga | ezingafowunanga | zingafowunanga | |||
Class 11 | lufowunile, lufowunē | olufowunile, olufowunē | lufowunile, lufowunē | alufowunanga | olungafowunanga | lungafowunanga | |||
Class 14 | bufowunile, bufowunē | obufowunile, obufowunē | bufowunile, bufowunē | abufowunanga | obungafowunanga | bungafowunanga | |||
Class 15 | kufowunile, kufowunē | okufowunile, okufowunē | kufowunile, kufowunē | akufowunanga | okungafowunanga | kungafowunanga | |||
Class 17 | kufowunile, kufowunē | okufowunile, okufowunē | kufowunile, kufowunē | akufowunanga | okungafowunanga | kungafowunanga | |||
Remote past | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngāfowuna | engāfowuna | ngāfowuna | angifowunanga | engingafowunanga | ngingafowunanga | |||
2nd singular | wāfowuna | owāfowuna | wāfowuna | awufowunanga | ongafowunanga | ungafowunanga | |||
1st plural | sāfowuna | esāfowuna | sāfowuna | asifowunanga | esingafowunanga | singafowunanga | |||
2nd plural | nāfowuna | enāfowuna | nāfowuna | anifowunanga | eningafowunanga | ningafowunanga | |||
Class 1 | wāfowuna | owāfowuna | āfowuna | akafowunanga | ongafowunanga | engafowunanga | |||
Class 2 | bāfowuna | abāfowuna | bāfowuna | abafowunanga | abangafowunanga | bengafowunanga | |||
Class 3 | wāfowuna | owāfowuna | wāfowuna | awufowunanga | ongafowunanga | ungafowunanga | |||
Class 4 | yāfowuna | eyāfowuna | yāfowuna | ayifowunanga | engafowunanga | ingafowunanga | |||
Class 5 | lāfowuna | elāfowuna | lāfowuna | alifowunanga | elingafowunanga | lingafowunanga | |||
Class 6 | āfowuna | āfowuna | āfowuna | awafowunanga | angafowunanga | engafowunanga | |||
Class 7 | sāfowuna | esāfowuna | sāfowuna | asifowunanga | esingafowunanga | singafowunanga | |||
Class 8 | zāfowuna | ezāfowuna | zāfowuna | azifowunanga | ezingafowunanga | zingafowunanga | |||
Class 9 | yāfowuna | eyāfowuna | yāfowuna | ayifowunanga | engafowunanga | ingafowunanga | |||
Class 10 | zāfowuna | ezāfowuna | zāfowuna | azifowunanga | ezingafowunanga | zingafowunanga | |||
Class 11 | lwāfowuna | olwāfowuna | lwāfowuna | alufowunanga | olungafowunanga | lungafowunanga | |||
Class 14 | bāfowuna | obāfowuna | bāfowuna | abufowunanga | obungafowunanga | bungafowunanga | |||
Class 15 | kwāfowuna | okwāfowuna | kwāfowuna | akufowunanga | okungafowunanga | kungafowunanga | |||
Class 17 | kwāfowuna | okwāfowuna | kwāfowuna | akufowunanga | okungafowunanga | kungafowunanga | |||
Potential | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngingafowuna | — | ngingafowuna | ngingefowune | — | ngingefowune | |||
2nd singular | ungafowuna | — | ungafowuna | ungefowune | — | ungefowune | |||
1st plural | singafowuna | — | singafowuna | singefowune | — | singefowune | |||
2nd plural | ningafowuna | — | ningafowuna | ningefowune | — | ningefowune | |||
Class 1 | angafowuna | — | engafowuna | angefowune | — | engefowune | |||
Class 2 | bangafowuna | — | bengafowuna | bangefowune | — | bengefowune | |||
Class 3 | ungafowuna | — | ungafowuna | ungefowune | — | ungefowune | |||
Class 4 | ingafowuna | — | ingafowuna | ingefowune | — | ingefowune | |||
Class 5 | lingafowuna | — | lingafowuna | lingefowune | — | lingefowune | |||
Class 6 | angafowuna | — | engafowuna | angefowune | — | engefowune | |||
Class 7 | singafowuna | — | singafowuna | singefowune | — | singefowune | |||
Class 8 | zingafowuna | — | zingafowuna | zingefowune | — | zingefowune | |||
Class 9 | ingafowuna | — | ingafowuna | ingefowune | — | ingefowune | |||
Class 10 | zingafowuna | — | zingafowuna | zingefowune | — | zingefowune | |||
Class 11 | lungafowuna | — | lungafowuna | lungefowune | — | lungefowune | |||
Class 14 | bungafowuna | — | bungafowuna | bungefowune | — | bungefowune | |||
Class 15 | kungafowuna | — | kungafowuna | kungefowune | — | kungefowune | |||
Class 17 | kungafowuna | — | kungafowuna | kungefowune | — | kungefowune | |||
Immediate future | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngizofowuna | engizofowuna | ngizofowuna | angizufowuna | engingezufowuna | ngingezufowuna | |||
2nd singular | uzofowuna | ozofowuna | uzofowuna | awuzufowuna | ongezufowuna | ungezufowuna | |||
1st plural | sizofowuna | esizofowuna | sizofowuna | asizufowuna | esingezufowuna | singezufowuna | |||
2nd plural | nizofowuna | enizofowuna | nizofowuna | anizufowuna | eningezufowuna | ningezufowuna | |||
Class 1 | uzofowuna | ozofowuna | ezofowuna | akazufowuna | ongezufowuna | engezufowuna | |||
Class 2 | bazofowuna | abazofowuna | bezofowuna | abazufowuna | abangezufowuna | bengezufowuna | |||
Class 3 | uzofowuna | ozofowuna | uzofowuna | awuzufowuna | ongezufowuna | ungezufowuna | |||
Class 4 | izofowuna | ezofowuna | izofowuna | ayizufowuna | engezufowuna | ingezufowuna | |||
Class 5 | lizofowuna | elizofowuna | lizofowuna | alizufowuna | elingezufowuna | lingezufowuna | |||
Class 6 | azofowuna | azofowuna | ezofowuna | awazufowuna | angezufowuna | engezufowuna | |||
Class 7 | sizofowuna | esizofowuna | sizofowuna | asizufowuna | esingezufowuna | singezufowuna | |||
Class 8 | zizofowuna | ezizofowuna | zizofowuna | azizufowuna | ezingezufowuna | zingezufowuna | |||
Class 9 | izofowuna | ezofowuna | izofowuna | ayizufowuna | engezufowuna | ingezufowuna | |||
Class 10 | zizofowuna | ezizofowuna | zizofowuna | azizufowuna | ezingezufowuna | zingezufowuna | |||
Class 11 | luzofowuna | oluzofowuna | luzofowuna | aluzufowuna | olungezufowuna | lungezufowuna | |||
Class 14 | buzofowuna | obuzofowuna | buzofowuna | abuzufowuna | obungezufowuna | bungezufowuna | |||
Class 15 | kuzofowuna | okuzofowuna | kuzofowuna | akuzufowuna | okungezufowuna | kungezufowuna | |||
Class 17 | kuzofowuna | okuzofowuna | kuzofowuna | akuzufowuna | okungezufowuna | kungezufowuna | |||
Remote future | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngiyofowuna | engiyofowuna | ngiyofowuna | angiyufowuna | engingeyufowuna | ngingeyufowuna | |||
2nd singular | uyofowuna | oyofowuna | uyofowuna | awuyufowuna | ongeyufowuna | ungeyufowuna | |||
1st plural | siyofowuna | esiyofowuna | siyofowuna | asiyufowuna | esingeyufowuna | singeyufowuna | |||
2nd plural | niyofowuna | eniyofowuna | niyofowuna | aniyufowuna | eningeyufowuna | ningeyufowuna | |||
Class 1 | uyofowuna | oyofowuna | eyofowuna | akayufowuna | ongeyufowuna | engeyufowuna | |||
Class 2 | bayofowuna | abayofowuna | beyofowuna | abayufowuna | abangeyufowuna | bengeyufowuna | |||
Class 3 | uyofowuna | oyofowuna | uyofowuna | awuyufowuna | ongeyufowuna | ungeyufowuna | |||
Class 4 | iyofowuna | eyofowuna | iyofowuna | ayiyufowuna | engeyufowuna | ingeyufowuna | |||
Class 5 | liyofowuna | eliyofowuna | liyofowuna | aliyufowuna | elingeyufowuna | lingeyufowuna | |||
Class 6 | ayofowuna | ayofowuna | eyofowuna | awayufowuna | angeyufowuna | engeyufowuna | |||
Class 7 | siyofowuna | esiyofowuna | siyofowuna | asiyufowuna | esingeyufowuna | singeyufowuna | |||
Class 8 | ziyofowuna | eziyofowuna | ziyofowuna | aziyufowuna | ezingeyufowuna | zingeyufowuna | |||
Class 9 | iyofowuna | eyofowuna | iyofowuna | ayiyufowuna | engeyufowuna | ingeyufowuna | |||
Class 10 | ziyofowuna | eziyofowuna | ziyofowuna | aziyufowuna | ezingeyufowuna | zingeyufowuna | |||
Class 11 | luyofowuna | oluyofowuna | luyofowuna | aluyufowuna | olungeyufowuna | lungeyufowuna | |||
Class 14 | buyofowuna | obuyofowuna | buyofowuna | abuyufowuna | obungeyufowuna | bungeyufowuna | |||
Class 15 | kuyofowuna | okuyofowuna | kuyofowuna | akuyufowuna | okungeyufowuna | kungeyufowuna | |||
Class 17 | kuyofowuna | okuyofowuna | kuyofowuna | akuyufowuna | okungeyufowuna | kungeyufowuna | |||
Present subjunctive | |||||||||
Positive | Negative | ||||||||
1st singular | ngifowune | ngingafowuni | |||||||
2nd singular | ufowune | ungafowuni | |||||||
1st plural | sifowune | singafowuni | |||||||
2nd plural | nifowune | ningafowuni | |||||||
Class 1 | afowune | angafowuni | |||||||
Class 2 | bafowune | bangafowuni | |||||||
Class 3 | ufowune | ungafowuni | |||||||
Class 4 | ifowune | ingafowuni | |||||||
Class 5 | lifowune | lingafowuni | |||||||
Class 6 | afowune | angafowuni | |||||||
Class 7 | sifowune | singafowuni | |||||||
Class 8 | zifowune | zingafowuni | |||||||
Class 9 | ifowune | ingafowuni | |||||||
Class 10 | zifowune | zingafowuni | |||||||
Class 11 | lufowune | lungafowuni | |||||||
Class 14 | bufowune | bungafowuni | |||||||
Class 15 | kufowune | kungafowuni | |||||||
Class 17 | kufowune | kungafowuni | |||||||
Past subjunctive | |||||||||
Positive | Negative | ||||||||
1st singular | ngafowuna | ngangafowuna, angafowuna, angangafowuna | |||||||
2nd singular | wafowuna | wangafowuna, awafowuna, awangafowuna | |||||||
1st plural | safowuna | sangafowuna, asafowuna, asangafowuna | |||||||
2nd plural | nafowuna | nangafowuna, anafowuna, anangafowuna | |||||||
Class 1 | wafowuna | wangafowuna, akafowuna, akangafowuna | |||||||
Class 2 | bafowuna | bangafowuna, abafowuna, abangafowuna | |||||||
Class 3 | wafowuna | wangafowuna, awafowuna, awangafowuna | |||||||
Class 4 | yafowuna | yangafowuna, ayafowuna, ayangafowuna | |||||||
Class 5 | lafowuna | langafowuna, alafowuna, alangafowuna | |||||||
Class 6 | afowuna | angafowuna, awafowuna, awangafowuna | |||||||
Class 7 | safowuna | sangafowuna, asafowuna, asangafowuna | |||||||
Class 8 | zafowuna | zangafowuna, azafowuna, azangafowuna | |||||||
Class 9 | yafowuna | yangafowuna, ayafowuna, ayangafowuna | |||||||
Class 10 | zafowuna | zangafowuna, azafowuna, azangafowuna | |||||||
Class 11 | lwafowuna | lwangafowuna, alwafowuna, alwangafowuna | |||||||
Class 14 | bafowuna | bangafowuna, abafowuna, abangafowuna | |||||||
Class 15 | kwafowuna | kwangafowuna, akwafowuna, akwangafowuna | |||||||
Class 17 | kwafowuna | kwangafowuna, akwafowuna, akwangafowuna |
Derived terms
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