forus

Latin

Etymology

Uncertain. Compare Ancient Greek -φόρος (-phóros, -bearing), Ancient Greek πόρος (póros, a passage; passage-way; ford; bridge), Old High German bara, para (a bar; barrier).

Noun

forus m (genitive forī); second declension

  1. (nautical) a gangway
  2. (in a circus or stadium) a row of seats
  3. a cell of bees

Declension

Second-declension noun.

Case Singular Plural
Nominative forus forī
Genitive forī forōrum
Dative forō forīs
Accusative forum forōs
Ablative forō forīs
Vocative fore forī

References

  • forus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • forus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • forus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
  • Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
    • (ambiguous) at home; in one's native country: domi (opp. foris)
    • (ambiguous) credit has disappeared: fides (de foro) sublata est (Leg. Agr. 2. 3. 8)
    • (ambiguous) to shun publicity: publico carere, forum ac lucem fugere

Old Irish

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈforus/

Noun

forus n (genitive foris or forais)

  1. stable foundation
    • c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 63c6
      .i. oldate inna foris [sic] diar n-athraib
      than the foundations of our fathers
    • c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 15d34
      í forus cen oclatid
      in firmness without boldness
  2. (law) dwelling, residence, household (of humans or contractual animals)

Inflection

The masculine o-stem plural foris attested in the Milan glosses is universally considered to be a scribal error.

Neuter o-stem
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative forusN forusN forusL, foirsea
Vocative forusN forusN forusL, foirsea
Accusative forusN forusN forusL, foirsea
Genitive foraisL forus forusN
Dative forusL foirsib foirsib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization

Derived terms

  • béim forais

Descendants

  • Middle Irish: forus

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
RadicalLenitionNasalization
forus ḟorus forus
pronounced with /v(ʲ)-/
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

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