fortuna
See also: Fortuna
Catalan
Pronunciation
Derived terms
Further reading
- “fortuna” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
- “fortuna” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
- “fortuna”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
- “fortuna” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
Esperanto
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [forˈtuna]
- Rhymes: -una
- Hyphenation: for‧tun‧a
Finnish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈfort(ː)u(ː)nɑ/, [ˈfo̞rt̪(ː)u(ː)nɑ̝]
- Rhymes: -ortunɑ
- Syllabification(key): for‧tu‧na
Declension
| Inflection of fortuna (Kotus type 12/kulkija, no gradation) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | fortuna | fortunat | ||
| genitive | fortunan | fortunoiden fortunoitten | ||
| partitive | fortunaa | fortunoita | ||
| illative | fortunaan | fortunoihin | ||
| singular | plural | |||
| nominative | fortuna | fortunat | ||
| accusative | nom. | fortuna | fortunat | |
| gen. | fortunan | |||
| genitive | fortunan | fortunoiden fortunoitten fortunainrare | ||
| partitive | fortunaa | fortunoita | ||
| inessive | fortunassa | fortunoissa | ||
| elative | fortunasta | fortunoista | ||
| illative | fortunaan | fortunoihin | ||
| adessive | fortunalla | fortunoilla | ||
| ablative | fortunalta | fortunoilta | ||
| allative | fortunalle | fortunoille | ||
| essive | fortunana | fortunoina | ||
| translative | fortunaksi | fortunoiksi | ||
| abessive | fortunatta | fortunoitta | ||
| instructive | — | fortunoin | ||
| comitative | See the possessive forms below. | |||
| Possessive forms of fortuna (Kotus type 12/kulkija, no gradation) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Further reading
- “fortuna”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02
Italian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /forˈtu.na/
- Rhymes: -una
- Hyphenation: for‧tù‧na
Noun
fortuna f (plural fortune, diminutive fortunèlla, augmentative fortunóna, pejorative fortunàccia)
Antonyms
Related terms
Descendants
- → Byzantine Greek: φορτούνα (phortoúna)
- Greek: φουρτούνα (fourtoúna)
Further reading
- fortuna in Collins Italian-English Dictionary
- fortuna in Luciano Canepari, Dizionario di Pronuncia Italiana (DiPI)
- fortuna in Aldo Gabrielli, Grandi Dizionario Italiano (Hoepli)
- fortuna in garzantilinguistica.it – Garzanti Linguistica, De Agostini Scuola Spa
- fortùna in Dizionario Italiano Olivetti, Olivetti Media Communication
- fortuna in sapere.it – De Agostini Editore
- fortuna in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana
Latin
Etymology
From Proto-Italic *fortūnā, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰr̥-tew-n-éh₂. Substantivized feminine form of an unattested adjective *fortūnus, from the -tus-derivation *fortus to ferō, + -nus.[1] Ultimately from *bʰer- (“bear, carry”).
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /forˈtuː.na/, [fɔrˈt̪uːnä]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /forˈtu.na/, [forˈt̪uːnä]
Noun
fortūna f (genitive fortūnae); first declension
- fortune, luck
- good fortune; misfortune (depending on context)
- (Can we date this quote by Virgil and provide title, author’s full name, and other details?) Vergilius, Aeneis, Book V, line 710
- Superanda omnis fortuna ferendo est.
- All misfortune is to be overcome by enduring.
- (Can we date this quote by Virgil and provide title, author’s full name, and other details?) Vergilius, Aeneis, Book X, lines 42-43
- Speravimus ista, dum fortuna fuit.
- Such we hoped, while good fortune was.
- (Can we date this quote by Virgil and provide title, author’s full name, and other details?) Vergilius, Aeneis, Book V, line 710
- destiny, fate
- Synonyms: fātum, sors, necessitās
- prosperity
- (in the plural) possessions
- c. 52 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Gallico 1.11:
- Quibus rebus adductus Caesar non expectandum sibi statuit dum, omnibus fortunis sociorum consumptis, in Santonos Helvetii pervenirent.
- Caesar, induced by these circumstances, decides that he ought not to wait until the Helvetii, after destroying all the property of his allies, should arrive among the Santones.
- Quibus rebus adductus Caesar non expectandum sibi statuit dum, omnibus fortunis sociorum consumptis, in Santonos Helvetii pervenirent.
Declension
First-declension noun.
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative | fortūna | fortūnae |
| Genitive | fortūnae | fortūnārum |
| Dative | fortūnae | fortūnīs |
| Accusative | fortūnam | fortūnās |
| Ablative | fortūnā | fortūnīs |
| Vocative | fortūna | fortūnae |
Derived terms
Descendants
Descendants
- Aromanian: furtunã
- Italian: fortuna
- → Byzantine Greek: φορτούνα (phortoúna)
- Greek: φουρτούνα (fourtoúna)
- → Byzantine Greek: φορτούνα (phortoúna)
- Piedmontese: fortun-a
- Romanian: furtună
- Sicilian: furtuna
- → Albanian: furtunë
- → Catalan: fortuna
- → Occitan: fortuna
- → Old French: fortune
- → Polish: fortuna
- → Portuguese: fortuna
- → Romansch: fortuna
- → Russian: фортуна (fortuna)
- → Spanish: fortuna
References
- “fortuna”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “fortuna”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- fortuna in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- fortuna in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- the position of the lower classes: condicio ac fortuna hominum infimi generis
- to be fortunate, lucky: fortuna secunda uti
- to be favoured by Fortune; to bask in Fortune's smiles: fortunae favore or prospero flatu fortunae uti (vid. sect. VI. 8., note uti...)
- to be favoured by Fortune; to bask in Fortune's smiles: fortunam fautricem nancisci
- Fortune makes men shortsighted, infatuates them: fortuna caecos homines efficit, animos occaecat
- to try one's luck: fortunam tentare, experiri
- to run a risk; to tempt Providence: fortunam periclitari (periculum facere)
- to trust to luck: fortunae se committere
- to have success in one's grasp: fortunam in manibus habere
- to let success slip through one's fingers: fortunam ex manibus dimittere
- luck is changing, waning: fortuna commutatur, se inclinat
- the plaything of Fortune: ludibrium fortunae
- Fortune's favourite: is, quem fortuna complexa est
- to be abandoned by good luck: a fortuna desertum, derelictum esse
- Fortune exalts a man, makes him conspicuous: fortuna aliquem effert
- misfortune, adversity: fortuna adversa
- to struggle with adversity: conflictari (cum) adversa fortuna
- the vicissitudes of fortune: fortunae vicissitudines
- to experience the vicissitudes of fortune; to have a chequered career: varia fortuna uti
- to be exposed to the assaults of fate: fortunae telis propositum esse
- to be abandoned to fate: fortunae obiectum esse
- to be a victim of the malice of Fortune: ad iniurias fortunae expositum esse
- to acquiesce in one's fate: fortunae cedere
- to be in the enjoyment of a large fortune: fortunis maximis ornatum esse
- I am discontented with my lot: fortunae meae me paenitet
- to drive a person out of house and home: exturbare aliquem omnibus fortunis, e possessionibus
- to drive a person out of house and home: evertere aliquem bonis, fortunis patriis
- to take up one's abode in a place, settle down somewhere: sedem ac domicilium (fortunas suas) constituere alicubi
- a degraded, servile condition: infima fortuna or condicio servorum
- the position of the lower classes: condicio ac fortuna hominum infimi generis
- “fortuna”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “fortuna”, in Samuel Ball Platner (1929) Thomas Ashby, editor, A Topographical Dictionary of Ancient Rome, London: Oxford University Press
- “fortuna”, in William Smith, editor (1848), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, London: John Murray
- De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “fors”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 236
Occitan
Pronunciation
Audio (file)
Polish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /fɔrˈtu.na/
Audio (file) - Rhymes: -una
- Syllabification: for‧tu‧na
Declension
Portuguese
Pronunciation
- (Brazil) IPA(key): /foʁˈtũ.nɐ/ [fohˈtũ.nɐ]
- (São Paulo) IPA(key): /foɾˈtũ.nɐ/
- (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /foʁˈtũ.nɐ/ [foχˈtũ.nɐ]
- (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /foɻˈtu.na/
- (Portugal) IPA(key): /fuɾˈtu.nɐ/
- Rhymes: (Brazil) -ũnɐ, (Portugal) -unɐ
- Hyphenation: for‧tu‧na
Noun
fortuna f (plural fortunas)
Further reading
- “fortuna” in iDicionário Aulete.
- “fortuna” in Dicionário inFormal.
- “fortuna” in Dicionário Aberto based on Novo Diccionário da Língua Portuguesa de Cândido de Figueiredo, 1913
- “fortuna” in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa. Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2024.
- “fortuna” in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa.
- “fortuna” in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa.
Spanish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /foɾˈtuna/ [foɾˈt̪u.na]
- Rhymes: -una
- Syllabification: for‧tu‧na
Noun
fortuna f (plural fortunas)
Derived terms
- afortunado
- bienes de fortuna
- caballero de fortuna
- cazafortunas
- galleta de la fortuna
- golpe de fortuna
- lance de fortuna
- por fortuna
- rueda de la fortuna
- tiempo de fortuna
References
- Joan Coromines, José A. Pascual (1983–1991) Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos
Further reading
- “fortuna”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
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