fofúasna
Old Irish
Etymology
From fo- + uss- + anaid. The preverb fo- in the deuterotonic forms is the result of a reduplication of the first preverb of the prototonic stem and does not occur prototonically.[1]
Verb
fo·fúasna (verbal noun fúasnad)
- to agitate, to disturb
- c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 94c8
- .i. húare as serb ⁊ nad ṁbí ní du ailgen indi, fa·fuasna són ⁊ fa·ceird dia aicniud.
- Because it is bitter and there is nothing soft in it, it disturbs him and drives him from his nature.
- c. 815-840, “The Monastery of Tallaght”, in Edward J. Gwynn, Walter J. Purton, transl., Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy, volume 29, Royal Irish Academy, published 1911-1912, paragraph 36, pages 115-179:
- Ma fósnather trist do tabirt for nech nó aithis, troscud ind.
- If you are disturbed so as to lay a curse on anyone, or revile him, fasting [is imposed for it].
- c. 895–901, Vita tripartita Sancti Patricii, published in Bethu Phátraic: The tripartite life of Patrick (1939, Hodges, Figgis), edited and with translations by Kathleen Mulchrone, line 452
- O'tchúala in rí inní sein, fo·rúasnad co mór.
- When the king heard that, he was mightily disturbed.
- c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 94c8
Inflection
Complex, class A I present, a subjunctive
| 1st sg. | 2nd sg. | 3rd sg. | 1st pl. | 2nd pl. | 3rd pl. | Passive sg. | Passive pl. | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present indicative | Deut. | fu·fúasna | fu·fúasnither | ||||||
| Prot. | ·fúasnaiter | ||||||||
| Imperfect indicative | Deut. | ||||||||
| Prot. | |||||||||
| Preterite | Deut. | ||||||||
| Prot. | |||||||||
| Perfect | Deut. | fo·ruasnad | |||||||
| Prot. | |||||||||
| Future | Deut. | ||||||||
| Prot. | |||||||||
| Conditional | Deut. | ||||||||
| Prot. | |||||||||
| Present subjunctive | Deut. | ||||||||
| Prot. | ·fósnather | ||||||||
| Past subjunctive | Deut. | ||||||||
| Prot. | |||||||||
| Imperative | |||||||||
| Verbal noun | fúasnad | ||||||||
| Past participle | fúasnaidi (nominative plural) | ||||||||
| Verbal of necessity | |||||||||
References
- Thurneysen, Rudolf (1940, reprinted 2017) D. A. Binchy and Osborn Bergin, transl., A Grammar of Old Irish, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, →ISBN, § 543, page 351
Further reading
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “fo-fúasna”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
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