esperer

See also: espérer

Middle French

Etymology

From Old French esperer.

Verb

esperer

  1. to hope

Conjugation
  • Middle French conjugation varies from one text to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.
Conjugation of esperer
infinitive simple esperer
compound avoir + past participle
present participle1 or gerund2 simple esperant
compound present participle or gerund of avoir + past participle
past participle esperé
singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative ie (i’) tu il, elle nous vous ilz, elles
(simple
tenses)		 present espere esperes espere esperons esperez esperent
imperfect esperois, esperoys esperois, esperoys esperoit, esperoyt esperions, esperyons esperiez, esperyez esperoient, esperoyent
past historic espera esperas espera esperasmes esperastes espererent
future espererai, espereray espereras esperera espererons espererez espereront
conditional espererois, espereroys espererois, espereroys espereroit, espereroyt espererions, espereryons espereriez, espereryez espereroient, espereroyent
(compound
tenses)		 present perfect present indicative of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
past anterior past historic of avoir + past participle
future perfect future of avoir + past participle
conditional perfect conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive que ie (i’) que tu qu’il, qu’elle que nous que vous qu’ilz, qu’elles
(simple
tenses)		 present espere esperes espere esperons esperez esperent
imperfect esperasse esperasses esperast esperassions esperassiez esperassent
(compound
tenses)		 past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative – tu – nous vous –
simple — espere — esperons esperez —
compound — simple imperative of avoir + past participle — simple imperative of avoir + past participle simple imperative of avoir + past participle —
1 The present participle was variable in gender and number until the 17th century (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], Une esthétique nouvelle: Honoré d'Urfé, correcteur de l'Astrée, p. 179). The French Academy would eventually declare it not to be declined in 1679.
2 The gerund was held to be invariable by grammarians of the early 17th century, and was usable with preposition en, as in Modern French, although the preposition was not mandatory (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], op. cit., p. 180).

Descendants
  • French: espérer

Old French

Etymology

From Latin spērāre, present active infinitive of spērō.

Verb

esperer

  1. to hope

Conjugation

This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. This verb has a stressed present stem espoir distinct from the unstressed stem esper. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

    Conjugation of esperer (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
simple compound
infinitive esperer avoir esperé
gerund en esperant gerund of avoir + past participle
present participle esperant
past participle esperé
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative jo tu il nos vos il
simple
tenses		 present espoir espoires espoire esperons esperez espoirent
imperfect esperoie, espereie, esperoe, espereve esperoies, espereies, esperoes, espereves esperoit, espereit, esperot, espereve esperiiens, esperiens esperiiez, esperiez esperoient, espereient, esperoent, esperevent
preterite esperai esperas espera esperames esperastes espererent
future espererai espereras esperera espererons espereroiz, esperereiz, espererez espereront
conditional espereroie, esperereie espereroies, esperereies espereroit, esperereit espereriiens, espereriens espereriiez, espereriez espereroient, esperereient
compound
tenses		 present perfect present tense of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect tense of avoir + past participle
past anterior preterite tense of avoir + past participle
future perfect future tense of avoir + past participle
conditional perfect conditional tense of avoir + past participle
subjunctive que jo que tu qu’il que nos que vos qu’il
simple
tenses		 present espoir espoirs espoirt esperons esperez espoirent
imperfect esperasse esperasses esperast esperissons, esperissiens esperissoiz, esperissez, esperissiez esperassent
compound
tenses		 past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative – tu – nos vos –
— espoire — esperons esperez —

Descendants
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