dotychczas

Polish

Etymology

Univerbation of do +‎ tych +‎ czas. The lack of the genitive plural suffix on czas is from a fossilized declension from Old and Middle Polish.[1] Displaced Middle Polish dotychmiast. First attested in 1588.[2]

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /dɔˈtɨx.t͡ʂas/
  • (Middle Polish) IPA(key): /dɔˈtɨx.t͡ʂas/, /dɔˈtɨx.t͡ʂɒs/
  • Audio(file)
  • Rhymes: -ɨxt͡ʂas
  • Syllabification: do‧tych‧czas

Adverb

dotychczas (not comparable)

  1. so far, until now, till now, hitherto
    Synonyms: do tej pory, dotąd

Derived terms
adjectives
adverbs
  • dotychczasowo
nouns
  • dotychczasowość

Descendants
  • → Kashubian: dotëchczôs

Trivia

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), dotychczas is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 29 times in scientific texts, 45 times in news, 42 times in essays, 9 times in fiction, and 10 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 135 times, making it the 442nd most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[3]

References
  1. Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000) “dotychczas”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)
  2. Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “dotychczas”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
  3. Ida Kurcz (1990) “dotychczas”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language]‎ (in Polish), volume 1, Kraków, Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 88

Further reading
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