doinchoisc
Old Irish
Etymology
From to- + in- + com- + seichid (“to declare”). Its original form was something like *do·inchosaig (compare in·coisig) which led to the t-preterite encountered in the poems of Blathmac due to the influence of saigid and aigid, which both had t-preterites.[1]
The lenition instead of nasalisation of the combination of in- and com- is due to the prefix in- coming from both Proto-Celtic *en- and *eni- variants; *eni- caused lenition while *en- caused nasalisation.[2] See tecosc for a nasalised doublet.
Verb
do·inchoisc (verbal noun tinchosc)
- to inform, show
- c. 815-840, “The Monastery of Tallaght”, in Edward J. Gwynn, Walter J. Purton, transl., Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy, volume 29, Royal Irish Academy, published 1911-1912, paragraph 23, pages 115-179:
- Is maith immurgo lais do neuch do·inchoisc a llessai dóib cení·frecmairc coibsina.
- He thinks it well, however, for anyone, that one should show what is profitable to them, even though he does not ask for confessions.
- to teach, instruct
- c. 760 Blathmac mac Con Brettan, published in "A study of the lexicon of the poems of Blathmac Son of Cú Brettan" (2017; PhD thesis, National University of Ireland Maynooth), edited and with translations by Siobhán Barrett, stanza 87
- Tos·n-inchoisecht ind óen ré dénom nathrach n-umaide. Ba remib gabais crephel nathracha for díanteiched.
- At the same time he taught them the making of brazen serpents. Before them, terror seized the [other] serpents [and set them] upon swift fleeing.
- c. 760 Blathmac mac Con Brettan, published in "A study of the lexicon of the poems of Blathmac Son of Cú Brettan" (2017; PhD thesis, National University of Ireland Maynooth), edited and with translations by Siobhán Barrett, stanza 87
Inflection
Complex, class B I present, reduplicated and t preterite
| 1st sg. | 2nd sg. | 3rd sg. | 1st pl. | 2nd pl. | 3rd pl. | Passive sg. | Passive pl. | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present indicative | Deut. | do·inchoisc | |||||||
| Prot. | |||||||||
| Imperfect indicative | Deut. | do·inchoisced | |||||||
| Prot. | |||||||||
| Preterite | Deut. | ||||||||
| Prot. | |||||||||
| Perfect | Deut. | do·rinchoisc; to·inchoisecht | |||||||
| Prot. | |||||||||
| Future | Deut. | ||||||||
| Prot. | |||||||||
| Conditional | Deut. | ||||||||
| Prot. | |||||||||
| Present subjunctive | Deut. | ||||||||
| Prot. | |||||||||
| Past subjunctive | Deut. | ||||||||
| Prot. | |||||||||
| Imperative | |||||||||
| Verbal noun | tinchosc | ||||||||
| Past participle | |||||||||
| Verbal of necessity | |||||||||
Mutation
| Old Irish mutation | ||
|---|---|---|
| Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
| do·inchoisc | unchanged | do·n-inchoisc |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | ||
References
- Barrett, Siobhán (2017) A study of the lexicon of the poems of Blathmac Son of Cú Brettan (2 Volumes). PhD thesis, National University of Ireland Maynooth, page 15
- Stüber, Karin (2015) Die Verbalabstrakta des Altirischen (in German), page 533
Further reading
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “do-inchoisc”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
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