díriuch
Old Irish
Alternative forms
- díriug
Etymology
From Old Irish *riug, from Proto-Celtic *rigus, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃réǵ-u-s ~ *h₃r̥ǵ-éw-s (“straight”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃reǵ-. Sanskrit ऋजुः ~ ऋजोः (ṛjúḥ ~ ṛjóḥ, “straight”) is a precise cognate, both having generalised zero grade in the root. Ancient Greek ὀρεκτός (orektós), Latin rēctus, and English right are also related.
Because u-stem adjectives are rare in Old Irish, it is unlikely to have been borrowed from Latin dīrectus, but the addition of the intensive prefix di- could have been influenced by the Latin term of the same meaning.[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈdʲiːrʲiu̯x/
Declension
| u-stem | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | díriuch | díriuch | díriuch |
| Vocative | díriuch | ||
| Accusative | díriuch | dírig | |
| Genitive | dírig | dírgae | dírig |
| Dative | díriuch | dírig | díriuch |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine/neuter | |
| Nominative | dírgai | dírgai | |
| Vocative | dírgai | ||
| Accusative | dírgai | ||
| Genitive | * | ||
| Dative | dírgaib | ||
| Notes | *not attested in Old Irish; same as nominative singular masculine in Middle Irish | ||
Mutation
| Old Irish mutation | ||
|---|---|---|
| Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
| díriuch | díriuch pronounced with /ð(ʲ)-/ |
ndíriuch |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | ||
References
- Vendryes, Joseph (1996) “díriug”, in Lexique Étymologique de l'Irlandais Ancien [Etymological lexicon of Old Irish] (in French), volume D, Dublin, Paris: Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, Centre national de la recherche scientifique, page D-96
Further reading
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “díriuch”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
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