crud
English
Etymology
From Middle English crud, crudde (“coagulated milk; curd; any coagulated or thickened substance; dregs”), from Old English crūdan (“to press”). Doublet of curd.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /kɹʌd/
Audio (AU) (file) - Rhymes: -ʌd
Noun
crud (countable and uncountable, plural cruds)
- (uncountable) Dirt, filth or refuse.
- 2018, Tsitsi Dangarembga, This Mournable Body, Faber & Faber (2020), page 30:
- Crud is caked in the crevices of her jewellery. All of it needs cleaning.
- (uncountable, figuratively, by extension) Something of poor quality.
- (countable) A contemptible person.
- Mixed impurities, especially wear and corrosion products in nuclear reactor coolant.
- (uncountable, skiing, snowboarding) A heavy wet snow on which it is difficult to travel.
- (uncountable, euphemistic) Feces; excrement.
- Synonym: crap
- (uncountable, slang, US, military and students) Venereal disease, or (by extension) any disease.
- (uncountable) A fast-paced game, loosely based on billiards or pool, with many players participating at the same time.
- (Western Pennsylvania) Cottage cheese.
Derived terms
Translations
- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Verb
crud (third-person singular simple present cruds, present participle crudding, simple past and past participle crudded)
- (transitive) To clog with dirt or debris.
- 2011, Henry Z. Kister, Distillation Troubleshooting, page 203:
- The covered cardboard boxes held and the packings in the crates suffered no further crudding.
Aromanian
Alternative forms
Middle English
Middle French
Etymology
From Old French creu, with the d added back to reflect the Latin crūdus.
Descendants
- French: cru
Old Irish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /kruð/
Romanian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /krud/
Audio (file)
Adjective
crud m or n (feminine singular crudă, masculine plural cruzi, feminine and neuter plural crude)
Declension
Derived terms
Related terms
Welsh
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.).
Pronunciation
- (North Wales) IPA(key): /krɨːd/
- (South Wales) IPA(key): /kriːd/
- Rhymes: -ɨːd
- Homophone: cryd
Derived terms
- crud llestri (“crockery rack”)
- crudaid (“cradleful”)
- crudio (“to cradle”)
Mutation
Welsh mutation | |||
---|---|---|---|
radical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
crud | grud | nghrud | chrud |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
References
R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “crud”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies