crowen
Middle English
Etymology 1
From Old English crāwan, from Proto-West Germanic *krāan (“to crow, shout”).
Pronunciation
- (Northern ME) IPA(key): /ˈkrɑu̯ən/
- IPA(key): /ˈkrɔu̯ən/
Verb
crowen
- To crow (make the noise of a rooster)
- c. 1275, Judas (Roud 2964, Child Ballad 23, Trinity College MS. B.14.39), folio 34, recto, lines 36-37; republished at Cambridge: Wren Digital Library (Trinity College), 2019 May 29:
- Stille þou be peter. Wel i þe icnowe. / þou wolt fur ſake me þrien . ar þe coc him crowe.
- "Quiet now, Peter. I know you well; / You'll forsake me three times when the cock crows."
- To make other noises typical of birds; to produce birdsong.
Conjugation
Conjugation of crowen (strong class 7)
| infinitive | (to) crowen, crowe | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | past tense | ||
| 1st-person singular | crowe | crew | |
| 2nd-person singular | crowest | crewe, crew | |
| 3rd-person singular | croweth | crew | |
| subjunctive singular | crowe | crewe1 | |
| imperative singular | — | ||
| plural2 | crowen, crowe | crewen, crewe | |
| imperative plural | croweth, crowe | — | |
| participles | crowynge, crowende | crowen, crowe, ycrowe | |
1Replaced by the indicative in later Middle English.
2Sometimes used as a formal 2nd-person singular.
References
- “crouen, v.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-06-6.
Etymology 2
From Old English crāwan, plural of crāwe; equivalent to crowe + -en (plural suffix).
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