crith

See also: críth

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Ancient Greek κριθή (krithḗ, “barley corn, a small weight”).

Pronunciation
  • enPR: krĭth, IPA(key): /kɹɪθ/
  • Rhymes: -ɪθ

Noun

crith (plural criths)

  1. (physics) the weight of 1 litre of hydrogen at standard temperature and pressure. Equal to approximately 0.09 grams.

Anagrams

Irish

Alternative forms
  • crioth

Etymology

From Old Irish crith, from Proto-Celtic *kritos (“trembling, fever”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /cɾʲɪ(h)/, /cɾʲɪç/
  • (Kerry) IPA(key): /cɾʲɨ̞h/

Noun

crith m (genitive singular creatha, nominative plural creathanna)

  1. a shake, quiver, tremble
  2. verbal noun of crith

Declension
Declension of crith

Third declension

Bare forms:

Case Singular Plural
Nominative crith creathanna
Vocative a chrith a chreathanna
Genitive creatha creathanna
Dative crith creathanna

Forms with the definite article:

Case Singular Plural
Nominative an crith na creathanna
Genitive an chreatha na gcreathanna
Dative leis an gcrith

don chrith

 leis na creathanna

Verb

crith (present analytic critheann, future analytic crithfidh, verbal noun crith, past participle crite)

  1. to shake, quiver, tremble

Conjugation
conjugation of crith (first conjugation – A)
singular plural relative autonomous
first second third first second third
indicative present crithim critheann tú;
crithir†		 critheann sé, sí crithimid critheann sibh critheann siad;
crithid†		 a chritheann; a chritheas /
a gcritheann*; a gcritheas*		 critear
past chrith mé; chritheas chrith tú; chrithis chrith sé, sí chritheamar; chrith muid chrith sibh; chritheabhair chrith siad; chritheadar a chrith /
ar chrith*		 critheadh
past habitual chrithinn / gcrithinn‡‡ chriteá / gcriteᇇ chritheadh sé, sí / gcritheadh sé, s퇇 chrithimis; chritheadh muid / gcrithimis‡‡; gcritheadh muid‡‡ chritheadh sibh / gcritheadh sibh‡‡ chrithidís; chritheadh siad / gcrithidís‡‡; gcritheadh siad‡‡ a chritheadh /
a gcritheadh*		 chrití / gcrit퇇
future crithfidh mé;
crithfead		 crithfidh tú;
crithfir†		 crithfidh sé, sí crithfimid;
crithfidh muid		 crithfidh sibh crithfidh siad;
crithfid†		 a chrithfidh; a chrithfeas /
a gcrithfidh*; a gcrithfeas*		 crithfear
conditional chrithfinn / gcrithfinn‡‡ chrithfeá / gcrithfeᇇ chrithfeadh sé, sí / gcrithfeadh sé, s퇇 chrithfimis; chrithfeadh muid / gcrithfimis‡‡; gcrithfeadh muid‡‡ chrithfeadh sibh / gcrithfeadh sibh‡‡ chrithfidís; chrithfeadh siad / gcrithfidís‡‡; gcrithfeadh siad‡‡ a chrithfeadh /
a gcrithfeadh*		 chrithfí / gcrithf퇇
subjunctive present go gcrithe mé;
go gcrithead†		 go gcrithe tú;
go gcrithir†		 go gcrithe sé, sí go gcrithimid;
go gcrithe muid		 go gcrithe sibh go gcrithe siad;
go gcrithid†		 — go gcritear
past dá gcrithinn dá gcriteá dá gcritheadh sé, sí dá gcrithimis;
dá gcritheadh muid		 dá gcritheadh sibh dá gcrithidís;
dá gcritheadh siad		 — dá gcrití
imperative crithim crith critheadh sé, sí crithimis crithigí;
crithidh†		 crithidís — critear
verbal noun crith
past participle crite

* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

Mutation
Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Eclipsis
crith chrith gcrith
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

Old Irish

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *kritos (“trembling, fever”). Cognate to Welsh cryd (“fever”).[1]

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈkʲr͈ʲiθ/

Noun

crith m (genitive unattested)

  1. shaking, trembling

Inflection

Unknown, but Matasović tentatively classifies this as an o-stem.[1] A u-stem declension with genitive cretha can be found in Middle Irish.

Derived terms
  • crethaid
    • Irish: creath
    • Manx: crie
  • crithnaigid
    • Irish: creathnaigh
    • Scottish Gaelic: criothnaich, crithnich
    • ⇒ Middle Irish: crithnaigthech

Descendants

Mutation
Old Irish mutation
RadicalLenitionNasalization
crith chrith crith
pronounced with /ɡ(ʲ)-/
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References
  1. Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*krito-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 225

Further reading

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Middle Irish crith, from Old Irish crith, from Proto-Celtic *kritos.

Verb

crith (past chrith, future crithidh, verbal noun crith, past participle crithte)

  1. shake, shiver, tremble, quaver

Noun

crith f (genitive singular crithe, plural crithean)

  1. verbal noun of crith
  2. shiver, tremble, shudder, tremor

Derived terms
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