circulus
Latin
Alternative forms
- circlus (rare, poetic)
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈkir.ku.lus/, [ˈkɪrkʊɫ̪ʊs̠]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈt͡ʃir.ku.lus/, [ˈt͡ʃirkulus]
Noun
circulus m (genitive circulī); second declension
- A circle (geometric figure)
- An orbit (circular path)
- A ring, hoop
- A necklace, chain
- A company, social gathering, group
- (Medieval Latin) A calendrical cycle
- Huius sexto anno primus Dionisi circulus inchoat
- In the sixth year of which [reign], the first cycle of Dionysius begins. — Bede, Chronica Minora
- Huius sexto anno primus Dionisi circulus inchoat
Declension
Second-declension noun.
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative | circulus | circulī |
| Genitive | circulī | circulōrum |
| Dative | circulō | circulīs |
| Accusative | circulum | circulōs |
| Ablative | circulō | circulīs |
| Vocative | circule | circulī |
Descendants
- Italo-Romance:
- Padanian:
- Friulian: cercli
- Ligurian: çèrcio
- Lombard: sercc
- Piedmontese: sercc
- Romansch: tschierchel
- Venetian: cercio, sercio, sércio
- Northern Gallo-Romance:
- Southern Gallo-Romance:
- Insular Romance:
- Sardinian: chìlciu
- Ancient borrowings:
Learned borrowings:
- → British isles:
- → Germany and environs:
- → Iberia:
- → Italy and environs:
References
- Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “cĭrcŭlus”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 2: C Q K, page 703
Further reading
- “circulus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “circulus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- circulus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- circulus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
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