buail

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish búailid (“beats, strikes, assaults; knocks (on); strikes, coins (money); stamps, impresses (a seal)”, verb).[1] See buille (“blow, stroke”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /bˠuəlʲ/
  • (Ulster, dated) IPA(key): /bˠiːlʲ/ (as if spelled baoil)
  • (rapid speech) IPA(key): /bˠɔlʲ/

Verb

buail (present analytic buaileann, future analytic buailfidh, verbal noun bualadh, past participle buailte)

  1. (transitive, intransitive) strike, hit, beat
    An té a bhuailtear sa cheann bíonn eagla air. (proverb)
    A burnt child dreads the fire.
  2. defeat, beat
  3. strike out, make one's way, proceed
    • 1939, Peig Sayers, “Inghean an Cheannaidhe”, in Marie-Louise Sjoestedt, Description d’un parler irlandais de Kerry (Bibliothèque de l'École des Hautes Études; 270) (overall work in French), Paris: Librairie Honoré Champion, page 196:
      Do bhuail sé an cé isteach agus bhí Máire Bhán agus a leanbhín álainn roimis agus sceitimíní uirthi ag fáiltiughadh roimis.
      He made his way onto the quay, and Máire Bhán and her beautiful little child were waiting for him, and welcomed him excitedly.
  4. to clap (one's hands)
  5. to mint (coins)

Conjugation
conjugation of buail (first conjugation – A)
singular plural relative autonomous
first second third first second third
indicative present buailim buaileann tú;
buailir†		 buaileann sé, sí buailimid buaileann sibh buaileann siad;
buailid†		 a bhuaileann; a bhuaileas /
a mbuaileann*; a mbuaileas*		 buailtear
past bhuail mé; bhuaileas bhuail tú; bhuailis bhuail sé, sí bhuaileamar; bhuail muid bhuail sibh; bhuaileabhair bhuail siad; bhuaileadar a bhuail /
ar bhuail*		 buaileadh
past habitual bhuailinn / mbuailinn‡‡ bhuailteá / mbuailteᇇ bhuaileadh sé, sí / mbuaileadh sé, s퇇 bhuailimis; bhuaileadh muid / mbuailimis‡‡; mbuaileadh muid‡‡ bhuaileadh sibh / mbuaileadh sibh‡‡ bhuailidís; bhuaileadh siad / mbuailidís‡‡; mbuaileadh siad‡‡ a bhuaileadh /
a mbuaileadh*		 bhuailtí / mbuailt퇇
future buailfidh mé;
buailfead		 buailfidh tú;
buailfir†		 buailfidh sé, sí buailfimid;
buailfidh muid		 buailfidh sibh buailfidh siad;
buailfid†		 a bhuailfidh; a bhuailfeas /
a mbuailfidh*; a mbuailfeas*		 buailfear
conditional bhuailfinn / mbuailfinn‡‡ bhuailfeá / mbuailfeᇇ bhuailfeadh sé, sí / mbuailfeadh sé, s퇇 bhuailfimis; bhuailfeadh muid / mbuailfimis‡‡; mbuailfeadh muid‡‡ bhuailfeadh sibh / mbuailfeadh sibh‡‡ bhuailfidís; bhuailfeadh siad / mbuailfidís‡‡; mbuailfeadh siad‡‡ a bhuailfeadh /
a mbuailfeadh*		 bhuailfí / mbuailf퇇
subjunctive present go mbuaile mé;
go mbuailead†		 go mbuaile tú;
go mbuailir†		 go mbuaile sé, sí go mbuailimid;
go mbuaile muid		 go mbuaile sibh go mbuaile siad;
go mbuailid†		 — go mbuailtear
past dá mbuailinn dá mbuailteá dá mbuaileadh sé, sí dá mbuailimis;
dá mbuaileadh muid		 dá mbuaileadh sibh dá mbuailidís;
dá mbuaileadh siad		 — dá mbuailtí
imperative buailim buail buaileadh sé, sí buailimis buailigí;
buailidh†		 buailidís — buailtear
verbal noun bualadh
past participle buailte

* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

Derived terms

Mutation
Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Eclipsis
buail bhuail mbuail
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References
  1. G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “búailid, búalaid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Further reading
  • “buail”, in Historical Irish Corpus, 1600–1926, Royal Irish Academy
  • Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904) “buailim”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 95
  • Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “buail”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Old Irish búalaid. See buille (“blow, stroke”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈpuɪl/

Verb

buail (past bhuail, future buailidh, verbal noun bualadh, past participle buailte)

  1. strike, hit, bang, beat, smite, knock, pelt, rap, thrust, thump
  2. thrash, thresh (corn)
  3. coin

Derived terms

Mutation
Scottish Gaelic mutation
Radical Lenition
buailbhuail
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Welsh

Pronunciation

Noun

buail m pl

  1. plural of bual

Mutation
Welsh mutation
radical soft nasal aspirate
buail fuail muail unchanged
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.
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