birka

See also: birkā and бирка

Hungarian

Etymology

First attested in 1347. Of debated origin:[1]

  1. A native word.
  2. Borrowed from Czech.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [ˈbirkɒ]
  • Audio(file)
  • Hyphenation: bir‧ka
  • Rhymes: -kɒ

Noun

birka (plural birkák)

  1. sheep
    Synonym: juh
  2. mutton, lamb (meat)
    Synonyms: juhhús, birkahús
  3. (derogatory) sheep (person who unquestioningly accepts as true whatever their political leaders say or who adopts popular opinion as their own without scrutiny)

Declension
Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony)
singular plural
nominative birka birkák
accusative birkát birkákat
dative birkának birkáknak
instrumental birkával birkákkal
causal-final birkáért birkákért
translative birkává birkákká
terminative birkáig birkákig
essive-formal birkaként birkákként
essive-modal — —
inessive birkában birkákban
superessive birkán birkákon
adessive birkánál birkáknál
illative birkába birkákba
sublative birkára birkákra
allative birkához birkákhoz
elative birkából birkákból
delative birkáról birkákról
ablative birkától birkáktól
non-attributive
possessive - singular		 birkáé birkáké
non-attributive
possessive - plural		 birkáéi birkákéi
Possessive forms of birka
possessor single possession multiple possessions
1st person sing. birkám birkáim
2nd person sing. birkád birkáid
3rd person sing. birkája birkái
1st person plural birkánk birkáink
2nd person plural birkátok birkáitok
3rd person plural birkájuk birkáik

References
  1. birka in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN.  (See also its 2nd edition.)

Further reading
  • birka in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
  • birka in Ittzés, Nóra (ed.). A magyar nyelv nagyszótára (‘A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published A–ez as of 2024)

Latvian

Etymology

From Russian би́рка (bírka).

Noun

birka f (4th declension)

  1. tag
  2. label

Declension
Declension of birka (4th declension)
singular (vienskaitlis) plural (daudzskaitlis)
nominative (nominatīvs) birka birkas
accusative (akuzatīvs) birku birkas
genitive (ģenitīvs) birkas birku
dative (datīvs) birkai birkām
instrumental (instrumentālis) birku birkām
locative (lokatīvs) birkā birkās
vocative (vokatīvs) birka birkas

Norwegian Nynorsk

Noun

birka f (definite singular birka, indefinite plural birker or birkor, definite plural birkene or birkone)

  1. (pre-2012) alternative form of bjørkje
  2. definite singular of birke (non-standard since 2012)

Nyunga
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Adjective

birka

  1. badly wounded, bruised, sore

References
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