bahasa baku

Indonesian

Etymology

Compound of bahasa (“language”) +‎ baku (“standard”), calque of Dutch standaardtaal (“standard language”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /baˈhasa ˈbaku/

Noun

bahasa baku (plural bahasa-bahasa baku, first-person possessive bahasa bakuku, second-person possessive bahasa bakumu, third-person possessive bahasa bakunya)

  1. (Can we verify(+) this sense?) (sociolinguistics) standard language: high language variety, usually as codified by prescriptive authorities
    Synonyms: bahasa standar, ragam baku, ragam formal
    Antonyms: bahasa percakapan, bahasa vernakular
    Bahasa baku itu dianggap lebih baik daripada ragam bahasa yang lain.[1]
    It is assumed that the standard register is better than other language varieties.
    Bahasa baku mendukung empat fungsi.[2]
    Standard language supports four functions.
    Nadin menjelaskan bahwa dirinya kerap menggunakan bahasa baku dalam berbicara sehari-hari.[3]
    Nadin told that she usually uses the standard register in her day-to-day speech.

Usage notes
  • The term does not seem to include colloquialisms. It is often translated as "standard language".

References
  1. Khaidir Anwar (1990) Fungsi dan peranan bahasa sebuah pengantar (in Indonesian), Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada University Press, →ISBN
  2. Anton M. Moeliono, Soenjono Dardjowidjojo, editor (1988), Tata bahasa baku bahasa Indonesia (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, →ISBN
  3. Putri Octapia Saragih (2021 January 13) “Dicap Sok Indie, Nadin Amizah: Lebih Baik Dibilang Sok Cantik Daripada Sok Indie”, in INDOZONE.ID‎, Indozone Media Indonesia, retrieved 8 February 2021

Further reading

Malay

Etymology

Compound of bahasa (“language”) +‎ baku (“standard”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /bahasa baku/
  • (Johor-Riau) IPA(key): [bähäsə bäku]

Noun

bahasa baku (Jawi spelling بهاس باکو, plural bahasa-bahasa baku, informal 1st possessive bahasa bakuku, 2nd possessive bahasa bakumu, 3rd possessive bahasa bakunya)

  1. standard language; the form of a language that is often seen as correct in all aspects
    Synonym: bahasa standard
    Antonym: bahasa percakapan
    Bahasa baku merupakan bahasa yang digunakan untuk menyatukan rakyat sesuatu negara.
    A standard language is a language that is used to unite the citizens of a country.
  2. (Malaysia, colloquial) the standard form of Malay or Malaysian (language)
    Untuk pertandingan pidato ini, peserta diwajibkan untuk bercakap dalam bahasa baku sahaja.
    For this public speaking competition, it is obligatory for the contestants to speak in standard Malay only.
    1. (Malaysia, colloquial) the artificial standardized accent of Malay where every word is pronounced phonemically based on the spelling
      Aku tak biasa bercakap bahasa baku.
      I'm not used to speaking bahasa baku

Further reading
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