augs

Latvian

Etymology 1

Coined in 1859 by Heinrihs Kavals, from the same stem as the verb augt, made into a masculine first-declension noun (ending -s), and later popularized by Atis Kronvalds, replacing in this sense the word stāds, now more restricted in its use. The alternative form auģis, proposed in the early 1860s by E. Dinsbergs, never became popular and was soon abandoned.[1]

Alternative forms

  • (obsolete form) auģis

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [âwks]
(file)

Noun

augs m (1st declension)

  1. plant (higher living organism capable of photosynthesis: herbs, bushes, trees, etc.)
    viengadīgs, divgadīgs, daudzgadīgs augsannual, biennial, perennial plant
    savvaļas augiwild plants
    istabas augsindoor plants
    dekoratīvie augidecorative plants
    ēnas augishady plants
    ūdens augiwater plants
    audzēt lopbarības augusto grow fodder (lit. cattle) plants
    augu sugasplant species
    augu valststhe vegetable (lit. plant) realm
    augu tējasherbal (lit. plant) tea
    augu eļļasvegetable (lit. plant) oils
    zemākie, augstākie augilower, higher plants
    auga virszemes daļasabove-ground plant parts
    augu slimībasplant diseases
    augu fizioloģijaplant physiology
    dzirdot vārdu “augi”, vispirms iedomājamies dārzu, druvu, pļavu vai mežu, bet augi sastopami arī ūdenīhearing the word “plant,” we first think of gardens, fields, meadows or forests, but there are plants also in water
Usage notes

Augs is the basic term for "plants." Stāds usually refers to plants that were actually planted (e.g., in a garden) by someone, not to wild plants.

Declension
Synonyms

Etymology 2

from the same stem as the verb augt, made into an adjective (augs, auga), originally meaning “growing, increasing,” from which “that which continues all the time” and now “all, (the) whole,” used with nouns denoting time. In current standard Latvian, it is found mostly in the instrumental case.[2]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [âwks]
(file)

Adjective

augs (no definite forms; irreg. adv. (none))

  1. (in time expressions, usually instrumental) all, whole (the entire time period)
    strādāt augu dienuto work all day long, the whole day
    raudāt augām naktīmto cry whole nights
    augām dienām sēdēt pie grāmatāmto sit in front of books for whole days
    sen manā sirdī ilgas sēd, / uz āru laužas ar varu; / tās augu mūžu sirdi ēd, / pret sienām sitas ar sparuthere have long been desires in my heart, / they break out with force; / (my) whole life they eat (my) heart, / beating against the walls (of my body) with vigor
Declension
Synonyms

Etymology 3

See augt.

Verb

augs

  1. third-person singular/plural future indicative of augt

References

  1. Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “augs”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN
  2. Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “augt”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN
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