abum

See also: Abum

Akkadian

Etymology

From Proto-Semitic *ʔabw- (“father”). Cognate with Arabic أَب (ʔab) and Biblical Hebrew אָב (ʔɔḇ).

Pronunciation

Noun

abum m (construct state abi, pronominal state abū or abā or abī, plural abbū) (from Old Akkadian on)

  1. father
    • 1755–1750 BCE, King Hammurabi of Babylon, translated by OMNIKA Foundation, Hammurabi Code‎, The Louvre, Law 195:
      𒋳𒈠 𒌉 𒀀𒁀𒋗 𒅎𒋫𒄩𒊍 𒈩𒇲𒋗 𒄿𒈾𒀝𒆠𒋢
      [šumma mārum abāšu imtaḫaṣ rittašu inakkisū]
      šum-ma DUMU A.BA-šu im-ta-ḫa-aṣ KIŠIB.LA₂-šu i-na-ak-ki-su
      If a son has struck his father, his hand will be cut off.
  2. ancestor, forefather

Alternative forms
Cuneiform spellings
Logograms Phonetic
  • 𒀀𒁍𒌝 (a-bu-um)
  • 𒀀𒁍 (a-bu)
  • 𒀀𒁉𒅎 (a-bi-im) (genitive)
  • 𒀀𒁉 (a-bi) (genitive, construct state)

Derived terms
  • abbūtum
  • abi abim
  • abi ummim

References
  • “abu A”, in The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago (CAD)‎, Chicago: University of Chicago Oriental Institute, 1956–2011
  • Black, Jeremy, George, Andrew, Postgate, Nicholas (2000) “abu(m) I”, in A Concise Dictionary of Akkadian, 2nd corrected edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz Verlag
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