abayer
French
Pronunciation
Conjugation
This is a regular -er verb as far as pronunciation is concerned, but as with other verbs in -ayer (such as payer and essayer, the <y> of its stem may optionally be written as <i> when it precedes a silent <e> (compare verbs in -eyer, which never have this spelling change, and verbs in -oyer and -uyer, which always have it; verbs in -ayer belong to either group, according to the writer's preference).
Conjugation of abayer (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | abayer | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | abayant /a.bɛ.jɑ̃/ or /a.be.jɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | abayé /a.bɛ.je/ or /a.be.je/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | abaye or abaie /a.bɛj/ or /a.bɛ/ |
abayes or abaies /a.bɛj/ or /a.bɛ/ |
abaye or abaie /a.bɛj/ or /a.bɛ/ |
abayons /a.bɛ.jɔ̃/ or /a.be.jɔ̃/ |
abayez /a.bɛ.je/ or /a.be.je/ |
abayent or abaient /a.bɛj/ or /a.bɛ/ |
| imperfect | abayais /a.bɛ.jɛ/ or /a.be.jɛ/ |
abayais /a.bɛ.jɛ/ or /a.be.jɛ/ |
abayait /a.bɛ.jɛ/ or /a.be.jɛ/ |
abayions /a.bɛj.jɔ̃/ |
abayiez /a.bɛj.je/ |
abayaient /a.bɛ.jɛ/ or /a.be.jɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | abayai /a.bɛ.je/ or /a.be.je/ |
abayas /a.bɛ.ja/ or /a.be.ja/ |
abaya /a.bɛ.ja/ or /a.be.ja/ |
abayâmes /a.bɛ.jam/ or /a.be.jam/ |
abayâtes /a.bɛ.jat/ or /a.be.jat/ |
abayèrent /a.bɛ.jɛʁ/ or /a.be.jɛʁ/ | |
| future | abayerai or abaierai /a.bɛj.ʁe/ or /a.bɛ.ʁe/ or /a.be.ʁe/ |
abayeras or abaieras /a.bɛj.ʁa/ or /a.bɛ.ʁa/ or /a.be.ʁa/ |
abayera or abaiera /a.bɛj.ʁa/ or /a.bɛ.ʁa/ or /a.be.ʁa/ |
abayerons or abaierons /a.bɛj.ʁɔ̃/ or /a.bɛ.ʁɔ̃/ or /a.be.ʁɔ̃/ |
abayerez or abaierez /a.bɛj.ʁe/ or /a.bɛ.ʁe/ or /a.be.ʁe/ |
abayeront or abaieront /a.bɛj.ʁɔ̃/ or /a.bɛ.ʁɔ̃/ or /a.be.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | abayerais or abaierais /a.bɛj.ʁɛ/ or /a.bɛ.ʁɛ/ or /a.be.ʁɛ/ |
abayerais or abaierais /a.bɛj.ʁɛ/ or /a.bɛ.ʁɛ/ or /a.be.ʁɛ/ |
abayerait or abaierait /a.bɛj.ʁɛ/ or /a.bɛ.ʁɛ/ or /a.be.ʁɛ/ |
abayerions or abaierions /a.bɛ.jə.ʁjɔ̃/ or /a.be.jə.ʁjɔ̃/ or /a.bɛ.ʁjɔ̃/ or /a.be.ʁjɔ̃/ |
abayeriez or abaieriez /a.bɛ.jə.ʁje/ or /a.be.jə.ʁje/ or /a.bɛ.ʁje/ or /a.be.ʁje/ |
abayeraient or abaieraient /a.bɛj.ʁɛ/ or /a.bɛ.ʁɛ/ or /a.be.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | abaye or abaie /a.bɛj/ or /a.bɛ/ |
abayes or abaies /a.bɛj/ or /a.bɛ/ |
abaye or abaie /a.bɛj/ or /a.bɛ/ |
abayions /a.bɛj.jɔ̃/ |
abayiez /a.bɛj.je/ |
abayent or abaient /a.bɛj/ or /a.bɛ/ |
| imperfect2 | abayasse /a.bɛ.jas/ or /a.be.jas/ |
abayasses /a.bɛ.jas/ or /a.be.jas/ |
abayât /a.bɛ.ja/ or /a.be.ja/ |
abayassions /a.bɛ.ja.sjɔ̃/ or /a.be.ja.sjɔ̃/ |
abayassiez /a.bɛ.ja.sje/ or /a.be.ja.sje/ |
abayassent /a.bɛ.jas/ or /a.be.jas/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | abaye or abaie /a.bɛj/ or /a.bɛ/ |
— | abayons /a.bɛ.jɔ̃/ or /a.be.jɔ̃/ |
abayez /a.bɛ.je/ or /a.be.je/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Anagrams
Middle French
Conjugation
- Middle French conjugation varies from one text to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.
Conjugation of abayer
| infinitive | simple | abayer | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle1 or gerund2 | simple | abayant | |||||
| compound | present participle or gerund of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | abayé | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | ie (i’) | tu | il, elle | nous | vous | ilz, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | abaye | abayes | abaye | abayons | abayez | abayent |
| imperfect | abayois, abayoys | abayois, abayoys | abayoit, abayoyt | abayions, abayyons | abayiez, abayyez | abayoient, abayoyent | |
| past historic | abaya | abayas | abaya | abayasmes | abayastes | abayerent | |
| future | abayerai, abayeray | abayeras | abayera | abayerons | abayerez | abayeront | |
| conditional | abayerois, abayeroys | abayerois, abayeroys | abayeroit, abayeroyt | abayerions, abayeryons | abayeriez, abayeryez | abayeroient, abayeroyent | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que ie (i’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ilz, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | abaye | abayes | abaye | abayons | abayez | abayent |
| imperfect | abayasse | abayasses | abayast | abayassions | abayassiez | abayassent | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | abaye | — | abayons | abayez | — | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The present participle was variable in gender and number until the 17th century (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], Une esthétique nouvelle: Honoré d'Urfé, correcteur de l'Astrée, p. 179). The French Academy would eventually declare it not to be declined in 1679. | |||||||
| 2 The gerund was held to be invariable by grammarians of the early 17th century, and was usable with preposition en, as in Modern French, although the preposition was not mandatory (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], op. cit., p. 180). | |||||||
Descendants
- French: aboyer
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