< Reconstruction:Proto-West Semitic

Reconstruction:Proto-West Semitic/gabr-

This Proto-West Semitic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Semitic

Etymology

Related to *gabbār-, from a root originally meaning "be strong".

Noun

*gabr- m

  1. (strong) man

Reconstruction notes

The Ge'ez term may be an internal derivation, in which case the term would only be possible to reconstruct to Proto-Central Semitic.

Descendants
  • Central Semitic:
    • Arabic: جَبْر (jabr, “man; slave, servant”)
    • Northwest Semitic:
      • Aramaic: 𐡂𐡁𐡓𐡀 (gbrʾ /⁠gaḇrā⁠/)
        • Eastern Aramaic:
          Palmyrene Aramaic: 𐡢𐡡𐡴𐡠 (gbrʾ)
          • Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: גַּבְרָא (gaḇrā)
          • Hatran Aramaic: 𐣢𐣡𐣣𐣠 (gbrʾ)
          • Mandaic: ࡂࡁࡓࡀ (gbrʾ)
          • Classical Syriac: ܓܒܪܐ (gbrʾ /⁠gaḇrā⁠/)
          • → Proto-Kurdish: (“big; chief; elder, senior; grown-up, adult; venerable”)[1]
            Central Kurdish: گەورە (gewre)
            Southern Kurdish: گەورە (gewre), گەورا (gewra)
          • → Middle Persian:
            Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (GBRA /⁠*garbā; mard⁠/)
            • Persian: گبر (gabr) (see there for further descendants)
        • Western Aramaic:
          Biblical Aramaic: גברא (gbrʾ)
      • Canaanite:
        • Hebrew: גֶּבֶר (géver, geḇer, “man, strong man, warrior”)
  • Ethiopian Semitic:
    • Ge'ez: ገብር (gäbr, “slave, servant, bondsman”) (or perhaps an internal derivation)

References
  • Kogan, Leonid (2011) “Proto-Semitic Lexicon”, in Weninger, Stefan, editor, The Semitic Languages. An International Handbook (Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft – Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science; 36), Berlin: De Gruyter, →ISBN, page 237
  • “gbr”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
  • Leslau, Wolf (1991) Comparative Dictionary of Geʿez (Classical Ethiopic), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, page 78
  1. Asatrian, G. (2011). Iran & the Caucasus, 15(1/2), 326-330. Retrieved October 16, 2020, from http://www.jstor.org/stable/41430901
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