Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/knīpan

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *knīpaną.

Verb

*knīpan

to pinch

Inflection

Strong class 1
Infinitive	*knīpan
1st sg. past	*knaip
3rd pl. past	*knipun
Past ptcple	*knipan
Infinitive	*knīpan
Genitive infin.	*knīpannjas
Dative infin.	*knīpannjē
Instrum. infin.	*knīpannju
Indicative	Present	Past
1st singular	*knīpu	*knaip
2nd singular	*knīpiʀi	*knipī
3rd singular	*knīpidi	*knaip
1st plural	*knīpum	*knipum
2nd plural	*knīpid	*knipud
3rd plural	*knīpand	*knipun
Subjunctive	Present	Past
1st singular	*knīpē	*knipī
2nd singular	*knīpēs	*knipī
3rd singular	*knīpē	*knipī
1st plural	*knīpēm	*knipīm
2nd plural	*knīpēþ	*knipīd
3rd plural	*knīpēn	*knipīn
Imperative	Present
Singular	*knīp
Plural	*knīpid
	Present	Past
Participle	*knīpandī	*knipan

Descendants

Old Frisian: *knīpa
- Saterland Frisian: kniepe
- West Frisian: knipe
  - ⇒ West Frisian: knypje
Old Saxon: *knīpan
- Middle Low German: knîpen
  - German Low German: kniepen
    - → German: kniepen
  - → German: kneipen
  - → Yiddish: קנײַפּן (knaypn)
  - → Swedish: knipa
Old Dutch: *cnīpan
- Middle Dutch: knîpen
  - Dutch: knijpen
  - Limburgish: kniepe
  - →? Central Franconian: kniepe, kneipe
    - Luxembourgish: knäipen
  - →? Middle English: *knipen, *knippen, nippen
    - English: nip, knipe (dialectal)
    - Scots: knipe, knip, nipe, nip
>? Old High German: *knīfan
- Middle High German: knīfen
  - German: kneifen

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