Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/tōz

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

If Yakut тор (tor, “soot”) is accepted as a cognate, possibly from Proto-Turkic *tōŕ. However, the former is probably rather a Mongolic borrowing, compare тортог (tortog).

Noun

*tōz (Common Turkic)

dust
powder

Declension

Declension of *tōz (Common Turkic)

	singular	plural²⁾
nominative	*tōz	*tōzlar
accusative
genitive	*tōznïŋ	*tōzlarnïŋ
dative	*tōzka	*tōzlarka
locative	*tōzda	*tōzlarda
ablative	*tōzdan	*tōzlardan
instrumental¹⁾		*tōzlarïn
equative¹⁾	*tōzča	*tōzlarča

¹⁾The original instrumental and equative cases have fallen into disuse in many Common Turkic languages.
²⁾This plural suffix is used only on Common Turkic, and not in Oghur. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page on Wikibooks.

Derived terms

*tōzan, *tōzïn

Descendants

Karluk:
- Karakhanid: تُوزْ
  - Chagatai: توز (tuz)
    - Uyghur: توز (toz)
Kipchak:
- South Kipchak:
  - Kazakh: тоз (toz)
- Kyrgyz–Kipchak:
  - Kyrgyz: тоз (toz)
Oghuz:
- Old Anatolian Turkish:
  - Azerbaijani: toz
  - Ottoman Turkish: توز
    - Gagauz: toz
    - Turkish: toz
    - → Armenian: թոզ (tʻoz)
    - → Cypriot Greek: ττοζιν (ttozin)
      - → Cypriot Arabic: ttozz
    - → Romanian: tos
- Turkmen: toz
Siberian:
- Old Turkic: 𐱃𐰆𐰔 (toz)
  - Western Yugur: tos
- South Siberian
  - Northern Altai: тоос (toos)

References

Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*tōŕ”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill

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