< Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic
Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/kumursga
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This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Turkic
Reconstruction
Daughter languages show various secondary changes due to a difficult consonant cluster.
Some sources reconstruct *kïmïrsga or *kumïrsga to explain the unrounded vowel found in all Siberian varieties and North Kipchak, however the oldest sources point to rounded vowels.
Etymology
Perhaps analyzable as *kumur- + *-ga, the latter being a common ending in animal names.
Declension
Declension of *kumursga
| Singular 3) | |
|---|---|
| Nominative | *kumursga |
| Accusative | *kumursganï, *kumursgag 4), *kumursganïg 1) |
| Genitive | *kumursganïŋ |
| Dative | *kumursgaka |
| Locative | *kumursgada |
| Ablative | *kumursgadan |
| Allative | *kumursgagaru |
| Instrumental 2) | *kumursgan |
| Equative 2) | *kumursgača |
| Similative 2) | *kumursgalayu |
| Comitative 2) | *kumursgalïgu |
1) Possibly in Pre-Proto-Turkic.
2) The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
3) Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.
4) Found in the Old Turkic era.
2) The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
3) Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.
4) Found in the Old Turkic era.
Descendants
- Medieval:
- Old Turkic: 𐰴𐰆𐰢𐰆𐰺𐰽𐰍𐰀 (qumursɣa)
- Khorezmian: [script needed] (qumurṣqa)
- Mamluk Kipchak: [script needed] (qumursqa)
- Common Turkic:
- Karluk:
- Chagatai: [script needed] (qumursɣa)
- Uzbek: qumursqa
- Chagatai: [script needed] (qumursɣa)
- Kipchak
- Arghu:
- Khalaj: qumurğâç
- Oghuz:
- Salar: gumısgan
- Turkmen: gumursga (dialect)
- Siberian:
- Northern Siberian:
- Yakut: кымырдаҕас (kımırdağas)
- Southern Siberian:
- Northern Siberian:
Further reading
- Clauson, Gerard (1972) “kumursğa:”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 628
- Levitskaja, L. S., Dybo, A. V., Rassadin, V. I. (2000) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages] (in Russian), volume 6, Moscow: Indrik, page 139
- Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*kumɨr-”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
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