< Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic

Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/kopuŕ

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Alternative forms
  • *komuŕ (Some authorities reconstruct *komuŕ as a separate root meaning "music" that was later merged in the descendant languages)

Noun

*kopuŕ

  1. a kind of lute

Declension
Declension of *kopuŕ
Singular 3)
Nominative *kopuŕ
Accusative *kopuŕnï, *kopuŕug 4), *kopuŕnïg 1)
Genitive *kopuŕnïŋ
Dative *kopuŕka
Locative *kopuŕta
Ablative *kopuŕtan
Allative *kopuŕgaru
Instrumental 2) *kopuŕun
Equative 2) *kopuŕča
Similative 2) *kopuŕlayu
Comitative 2) *kopuŕlugu
1) Possibly in Pre-Proto-Turkic.
2) The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
3) Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.
4) Found in the Old Turkic era.

Descendants
  • →? Manchu: ᡴᡠᠮᡠᠨ (kumun, “music”)
  • →? Proto-Mongolic: *kuxur
  • Common Turkic:
  • Oghuz:
    • Old Anatolian Turkish:
      • Azerbaijani: qopuz
      • Ottoman Turkish: قوپوز (kopuz, “a lute with a somewhat globular body”)
    • Turkmen: gopuz (“mouth harp”)
  • Karluk:
    • Karakhanid: قُبُز (qopuz)
      • Khorezmian Turkic: [script needed] (kopuz)
        • Chagatai: [script needed] (kobuz)
          • Uyghur: قوۋۇز (qowuz)
          • Uzbek: qoʻbiz
  • Kipchak:
    • Cuman:
    • North Kipchak:
      • Bashkir: ҡумыҙ (qumıź), ҡубыҙ (qubıź)
      • Tatar: кубыз (qubız)
        • → Chuvash: купӑс (kup̬ăs), копӑс (kop̬ăs)
        • → Eastern Mari: ковыж (kovyž)
    • West Kipchak:
      • Crimean Tatar: qomuz
      • Karachay-Balkar: къобуз (qobuz)
      • Karaim: qobuz
      • Kumyk: къомуз (qomuz)
      • Urum: хобуз
    • South Kipchak:
      • Caspian:
        • Karakalpak: qobız
        • Kazakh: қобыз (qobyz)
        • Nogai: кобыз (kobız)
      • Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
        • Kyrgyz: кобуз (kobuz), комуз (komuz)
        • Southern Altai: комус (komus)
  • Siberian:
    • Old Uyghur: [script needed] (qopūz, qopuz)
      • Western Yugur: qoŋïs
    • North Siberian:
      • Yakut: хомус (qomus)
        • → Evenki: камус (kamus) (Uchur)
    • South Siberian:
      • Northern Altai: кобыс (kobïs), комыс (komïs) (in Chelkan)
      • Sayan Turkic:
  • → Chinese: 火不思 (huǒbùsī)
  • East Slavic:
  • → Persian: قوبوز (qôbuz)
  • → Lak: къумуз (q:umuz)

References
  • Doerfer, Gerhard (1967) Türkische und mongolische Elemente im Neupersischen [Turkic and Mongolian Elements in New Persian] (Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur: Veröffentlichungen der Orientalischen Kommission; 20)‎ (in German), volume 3, Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Verlag, § 1546, page 535
  • Clauson, Gerard (1972) “kopuz”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 588
  • Levitskaja, L. S., Dybo, A. V., Rassadin, V. I. (2000) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages] (in Russian), volume 6, Moscow: Indrik, page 68
  • Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*Kopuŕ”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
  • Fedotov, M. R. (1996) “купӑс / копӑс”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ čuvašskovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Chuvash Language] (in Russian), volume I, Cheboksary: Chuvash State Institute of Humanities, page 309
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.