< Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic

Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/kȫk

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.
See also: Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/kök

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

Compare Proto-Mongolic *köke (“blue, green”), Proto-Tungusic *kuku (“blue”). (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)

Adjective

*kȫk

  1. blue
  2. green

Noun

*kȫk

  1. sky, firmament

Declension
Declension of *kȫk
Singular 3)
Nominative *kȫk
Accusative *kȫkni, *kȫküg 4), *kȫknig 1)
Genitive *kȫkniŋ
Dative *kȫkke
Locative *kȫkde
Ablative *kȫkden
Allative *kȫkgerü
Instrumental 2) *kȫkün
Equative 2) *kȫkče
Similative 2) *kȫkleyü
Comitative 2) *kȫklügü
1) Possibly in Pre-Proto-Turkic.
2) The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
3) Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.
4) Found in the Old Turkic era.

Descendants
  • Oghur:
    • Chuvash: кӑвак (kăvak)
    • → Hungarian: kék
  • Common Turkic: *kȫk
  • Arghu:
  • Proto-Oghuz: *gȫk
    • West Oghuz:
      • Old Anatolian Turkish:
        • Azerbaijani: göy
        • Ottoman Turkish: گوك (gök), կէօք (gök)
          • Gagauz: gök (göy-)
          • Turkish: gök (göğ-)
          • → Albanian: gjok, gjog
          • → Aromanian: ghioc
    • East Oghuz:
  • Karluk:
  • Kipchak: كوك (kök)
    • North Kipchak:
    • West Kipchak:
    • South Kipchak:
      • Caspian:
        • Kazakh: көк (kök)
        • Karakalpak: көк
        • Nogai: коьк (kök)
      • Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
  • Siberian:
    • Yenisei Kyrgyz: 𐰚𐰇𐰝 (kȫk)
    • Old Turkic: 𐰚𐰇𐰚 (kȫk)
    • Old Uyghur: [script needed] (kök)
      • Western Yugur: [script needed] (kük)
    • North Siberian:
    • South Siberian:

See also
Colors in Proto-Turkic · *boduglar, *bodugsāyïn (layout · text)
     *āk, *ürüŋ      *boŕ, *sūr, *kuba, *čāl, *oń      *kara
             *kïŕïl; *āl              *koŋur, *yạgïŕ              *siarïg, *yẹgren
                          *yāĺïl             
                          *kȫk             
                          *(y)ip-             

References
  • Clauson, Gerard (1972) “”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, pages 708-709
  • Doerfer, Gerhard (1967) Türkische und mongolische Elemente im Neupersischen [Turkic and Mongolian Elements in New Persian] (Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur: Veröffentlichungen der Orientalischen Kommission; 20)‎ (in German), volume III, Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Verlag, pages 640-642
  • Sevortjan, E. V. (1980) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages] (in Russian), volume III, Moscow: Nauka, pages 66-68
  • Räsänen, Martti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, page 287
  • Róna-Tas, András, Berta, Árpád, Károly, László (2011) West Old Turkic: Turkic Loanwords in Hungarian (Turcologica; 84), Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, pages 520-521
  • Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*kök”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
  • Tenišev E. R., editor (1984–2006), Sravnitelʹno-istoričeskaja grammatika tjurkskix jazykov: [Comparative Historical Grammar of Turkic Languages:] (in Russian), Moscow: Nauka, pages 60, 604
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