< Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic
Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/köč-
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This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Turkic
Etymology
Nişanyan suggests a derivation *köt- (“to raise”) + *-üĺč- comparing Bulgar كوالج (köwelç-),[1] however according to Tekin it should be considered a metathesis *köweçil-, with the passive suffix *-il-.[2]
Conjugation
Conjugation of *köč- (Common Turkic)
Note: Actual conjugations can be more complex than tables below. Compound forms with the auxiliary *er- not shown.
| Positive | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | *köčmek | |||||||
| participle | present | *köčgen, köčügme, köčer | ||||||
| past | *köčdük, köčmiš | |||||||
| future | *köčdeči, köčmekči, köčsik, köčeček | |||||||
| verbal noun | *köčme, köčüg, köčgü | |||||||
| way of doing | *köčüš | |||||||
| singular | plural | |||||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
| *ben | *sen | *ol | *biz | *siz | *olar | |||
| indicative | aorist | *köčer ben | *köčer sen | *köčer | *köčer biz | *köčer siz | *köčer | |
| past | simple | *köčdüm | *köčdüŋ | *köčdi | *köčdük, köčdümüz | *köčdüŋüz | *köčdi | |
| inferential | *köčmiš ben | *köčmiš sen | *köčmiš | *köčmiš biz | *köčmiš siz | *köčmiš | ||
| future | simple | *köčdeči ben, köčmekči ben, köčeček ben | *köčdeči sen, köčmekči sen, köčeček sen | *köčdeči, köčmekči, köčeček | *köčdeči biz, köčmekči biz, köčeček biz | *köčdeči siz, köčmekči siz, köčeček siz | *köčdeči, köčmekči, köčeček | |
| predictive | *köčgey ben | *köčgey sen | *köčgey | *köčgey biz | *köčgey siz | *köčgey | ||
| necessitive | *köčsüküm | *köčsüküŋ | *köčsük | *köčsükümüz | *köčsüküŋüz | *köčsük | ||
| conditional | *köčsem, köčser ben | *köčseŋ, köčser sen | *köčse, köčser | *köčsek, köčsemiz, köčser biz | *köčseŋiz, köčser siz | *köčseler, köčser | ||
| optative | *köčgey ben | *köčgey sen | *köčgey | *köčgey biz | *köčgey siz | *köčgey | ||
| progressive | *köčmekde ben | *köčmekde sen | *köčmekde | *köčmekde biz | *köčmekde siz | *köčmekde | ||
| necessitative | *köčmelig ben | *köčmelig sen | *köčmelig | *köčmelig biz | *köčmelig siz | *köčmelig | ||
| imperative | *köčeyin | *köč, köčgil | *köčzün | *köčelim | *köčüŋ | *köčzün | ||
| Negative | ||||||||
| infinitive | *köčmemek | |||||||
| participle | present | *köčmegen, köčmegme, köčmez | ||||||
| past | *köčmedük, köčmemiš | |||||||
| future | *köčmeči, köčmesik, köčmeyeček | |||||||
| verbal noun | *köčmeme, köčmeg, köčmegü | |||||||
| way of doing | *köčmeyüš | |||||||
| singular | plural | |||||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
| *ben | *sen | *ol | *biz | *siz | *olar | |||
| indicative | aorist | *köčmez ben | *köčmez sen | *köčmez | *köčmez biz | *köčmez siz | *köčmez | |
| past | simple | *köčmedüm | *köčmedüŋ | *köčmedi | *köčmedük, köčmedümüz | *köčmedüŋüz | *köčmedi | |
| inferential | *köčmemiš ben | *köčmemiš sen | *köčmemiš | *köčmemiš biz | *köčmemiš siz | *köčmemiš | ||
| future | simple | *köčmeči ben, köčmeyeček ben | *köčmeči sen, köčmeyeček sen | *köčmeči, köčmeyeček | *köčmeči biz, köčmeyeček biz | *köčmeči siz, köčmeyeček siz | *köčmeči, köčmeyeček | |
| predictive | *köčmegey ben | *köčmegey sen | *köčmegey | *köčmegey biz | *köčmegey siz | *köčmegey | ||
| necessitive | *köčmesüküm | *köčmesüküŋ | *köčmesük | *köčmesükümüz | *köčmesüküŋüz | *köčmesük | ||
| conditional | *köčmesem, köčmeser ben | *köčmeseŋ, köčmeser sen | *köčmese, köčmeser | *köčmesek, köčmesemiz, köčmeser biz | *köčmeseŋiz, köčmeser siz | *köčmeseler, köčmeser | ||
| optative | *köčmegey ben | *köčmegey sen | *köčmegey | *köčmegey biz | *köčmegey siz | *köčmegey | ||
| progressive | *köčmemekde ben | *köčmemekde sen | *köčmemekde | *köčmemekde biz | *köčmemekde siz | *köčmemekde | ||
| necessitative | *köčmemelig ben | *köčmemelig sen | *köčmemelig | *köčmemelig biz | *köčmemelig siz | *köčmemelig | ||
| imperative | *köčmeyeyin | *köčme, köčmegil | *köčmezün | *köčmeyelim | *köčmeyiŋ | *köčmezün | ||
Related terms
- *köč (“migration”)
Descendants
- Arghu:
- Khalaj: keçmək
- Oghuz:
- Karluk:
- Karakhanid: [script needed] (köč)
- Uzbek: koʻchmoq
- Uyghur: كۆچمەك (köchmek)
- Karakhanid: [script needed] (köč)
- Kipchak:
- North Kipchak:
- Bashkir: күсеү (küsew)
- Tatar: күчәргә (küçärgä)
- West Kipchak:
- Crimean Tatar: köçmek
- Kumyk: гёчмек (göçmek)
- Karaim: кёч-, кӧч-
- Karachay-Balkar: кёчерге (köçerge)
- East Kipchak:
- Kyrgyz: көчүү (köcüü)
- Southern Altai: кӧч- (köč-)
- South Kipchak:
- Karakalpak: көшиў
- Kazakh: көшу (köşu)
- Nogai: коьшуьв (köşüv)
- North Kipchak:
- Siberian:
- ⇒? Proto-Mongolic: *köske (“means of transportation”)[3]
References
- Erdal, Marcel (1993) Die Sprache der wolgabolgarischen Inschriften (in German), Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, →ISBN, pages 121-122
- Tekin, Talât (1988) Volga Bulgar kitabeleri ve Volga Bulgarcası [Volga Bulgarian Ephitaphs and Volga Bulgarian Language] (in Turkish), Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurumu Basımevi, →ISBN, page 35
- Sanžejev, G. D., Orlovskaja, M. N., Ševernina, Z. V. (2016) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ mongolʹskix jazykov: v 3 t. [Etymological dictionary of Mongolic languages: in 3 vols.] (in Russian), volume II, Moscow: Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, page 144
- Clauson, Gerard (1972) “köç-”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 694
- Doerfer, Gerhard (1967) Türkische und mongolische Elemente im Neupersischen [Turkic and Mongolian Elements in New Persian] (Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur: Veröffentlichungen der Orientalischen Kommission; 20) (in German), volume III, Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Verlag, § 1660, pages 621-625
- Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “göçmek”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
- Räsänen, Martti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, pages 285-286
- Sevortjan, E. V. (1980) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages] (in Russian), volume III, Moscow: Nauka, page 88
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