Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/bulït

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Reconstruction

Unproblematic.

Etymology

The *-t is hypothesised to be an ancient plural suffix by Doerfer.

Compared to Proto-Uralic *pilwe (“cloud”) and Proto-Tungusic *bol- (“autumn, air”) by some sources. (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)

Noun

*bulït

cloud

Declension

Declension of *bulït

	Singular ³⁾
Nominative	*bulït
Accusative	bulïtnï, bulïtïg ⁴⁾, *bulïtnïg ¹⁾
Genitive	*bulïtnïŋ
Dative	*bulïtka
Locative	*bulïtda
Ablative	*bulïtdan
Allative	*bulïtgaru
Instrumental ²⁾	*bulïtïn
Equative ²⁾	*bulïtča
Similative ²⁾	*bulïtlayu
Comitative ²⁾	*bulïtlïgu

¹⁾ Possibly in Pre-Proto-Turkic.
²⁾ The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
³⁾ Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.
⁴⁾ Found in the Old Turkic era.

Descendants

Oghur:
- Chuvash: пӗлӗт (pĕlĕt)
Common Turkic: *bulït

Arghu:
- Khalaj: bulıt
Proto-Oghuz: *bulūt
- West Oghuz:
  - Old Anatolian Turkish: بلوت (bulut)
    - Azerbaijani: bulud
      - → Udi: булут (bulut)
    - Ottoman Turkish: بولوت, بولوط (bulut)
      - Gagauz: bulut
      - Turkish: bulut
- East Oghuz:
  - Salar: bulud, bulut
  - Turkmen: bulut
Karluk:
- Karakhanid: بُلِتْ (bulït)
  - Khorezmian Turkic: [script needed] (bulït), [script needed] (bulut)
    - Chagatai: بولوت (bulut)
      - Uzbek: bulut
      - Uyghur: بۇلۇت (bulut)
Kipchak:
- Kipchak: بلت (bulut)
  - North Kipchak:
    - Bashkir: болот (bolot)
    - Tatar: болыт (bolıt)
  - West Kipchak:
    - Crimean Tatar: bulut
    - Karachay-Balkar: булут (bulut)
    - Karaim: bulut
    - Kumyk: булут (bulut)
    - Urum: булут
  - South Kipchak:
    - Caspian:
      - Kazakh: бұлт (būlt)
      - Karakalpak: bult
      - Nogai: булыт (bulıt)
    - Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
      - Kyrgyz: булут (bulut)
      - Southern Altai: булут (bulut)
Siberian:
- Old Turkic: 𐰉𐰆𐰞𐰃𐱃 (b¹ul¹it¹ /⁠bulït⁠/)
  - Old Uyghur: [script needed] (bulït)
    - Western Yugur: bələt, bulət
- North Siberian:
  - Yakut: былыт (bılıt)
  - Dolgan: былыт
- South Siberian:
  - Sayan Turkic:
    - Tofa: булут
    - Tuvan: булут (bulut)
  - Yenisei Turkic:
    - Khakas: пулут (pulut)
    - Shor: пулут

References

Clauson, Gerard (1972) “bulıt”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 333
Doerfer, Gerhard (1965) Türkische und mongolische Elemente im Neupersischen [Turkic and Mongolian Elements in New Persian] (Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur: Veröffentlichungen der Orientalischen Kommission; 19)‎ (in German), volume 2, Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Verlag, page 771
Räsänen, Martti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, page 88
Sevortjan, E. V. (1978) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages] (in Russian), volume 2, Moscow: Nauka, pages 262-264
Tenišev E. R., editor (2001), Sravnitelʹno-istoričeskaja grammatika tjurkskix jazykov: Leksika [Comparative Historical Grammar of Turkic Languages: Lexis] (in Russian), volume 4, Moscow: Nauka, page 24
Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*bŭlu ( ~ -a, -o)”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill

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