Reconstruction:Proto-Tungusic/gutïn

This Proto-Tungusic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Tungusic

**Proto-Tungusic numbers ^(edit)**
← 20	30	100 →
	3
Cardinal: *gutïn

Etymology

A number which is not attested in North Tungusic branch. Either a cognate, or borrowed from Mongolic. Compare Proto-Mongolic *gucin (“thirty”), Mongolian гуч (guč). Other Tungusic languages having a campound of three + ten; as in Evenki иландя̄р (ilanʒār), Even иланмяр (ilanmẹr) and Udihe илаʒа (ilaja).

According to Benzing; the numbers 20, 30 and 40 are ultimately of Mongolic origin. Thus, the native Proto-Tungusic numbers might had a campound of “any digit + ten” instead.

Numeral

*gutïn

thirty

Descendants

Jurchenic:
- Jurchen: 谷失 (gušin /⁠gu-ši⁠/)
  - Manchu: ᡤᡡᠰᡳᠨ (gūsin)
Tungusic:
- South Tungusic:
  - Central:
    - Oroch: гути (guti)
  - South-Eastern:
    - Nanai: гочин (gočin)
    - Ulch: гутин (gụtin)

References

Doerfer, Gerhard (1985) Mongolo-Tungusica (in German), Wiesbaden: O. Harrassowitz, page 152
Benzing, Johannes (1955) Die tungusischen Sprachen. Versuch einer vergleichenden Grammatik (Abhandlungen der Geistes- und Sozialwissenschaftlichen Klasse; 11) (in German), Wiesbaden: Verlag der Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur in Mainz in Kommission bei Franz Steiner Verlag, page 102
Kane, Daniel (1989) The Sino-Jurchen Vocabulary of the Bureau of Interpreters (Uralic and Altaic Series; vol. 153), Bloomington, Indiana: Research Institute for Inner Asian Studies, Indiana University, →ISBN, page 364.

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